James Brown (ca.1819 - 7 February 1890) was a Scottish-born pastoralist in South East of South Australia and a suspected mass murderer of Aboriginal people. His name is recorded for the philanthropy performed in the name by his widow, Jessie Brown. Two charities - Kalyra Consumption Sanitorium in Belair and Estcourt House, near Grange were established in his memory, and out of the produce.
Video James Brown (Australian pastoralist)
Histori
James Brown was born in East Fife, Scotland, and along with his brother, Archibald, left Liverpool at the Fairfield barque on November 1, 1838. After a grueling 185 days they arrived in South Australia on May 4, 1839 In 1840, they settled in Allendale in the valley of the Hindmarsh River, the owner of 640 sheep. In 1844 they had 1,290 sheep, 14 cows, 6 pigs and 14 hectares of wheat. In 1849, Brown moved to the South East where he set up a Range Avenue station composed of 69 square miles of state, which is secured for annual rent of 10/per square mile. The area was later enlarged to 83 square miles, about 50 miles north-east of Guichen Bay where the wool was shipped. The larger part of it is covered with water during the winter, and stocks suffer from footrots and beach diseases. Mr. Brown built a nice 10-room stone house with a veranda. Sheep shepherded until June 1864, when Avenue Range and other leases were fenced off at a cost of £ 6,000. Soon he has 24,000 sheep besides cattle and horses. Another name for Run Range Avenue is Kalyra, the original word meaning 'hop bush'.
The downside to this property is the volume of public traffic passing through the street. It lies on a land route to Melbourne and Mount Gambier, and about 60,000 sheep cross the best part of the station during the first three months of each year. Bullock teams that drove from Victoria and Tatiara district constantly destroyed the gates, and pulled the pole. Thus, Brown has a post at one gate putting eight feet to the ground, and awaiting the arrival of the next arrears. Shortly thereafter, a team worker appeared, and carelessly swung the wheel into one of these very deep poles. Will not budge, and very nice Brown, the "savage" should pull out his team and pull back the horse carriage. Vengeance followed, and Brown was then embarrassed to find that his hard post had been burned down.
Early in his career, Brown was charged with murdering 9 Aboriginal people. He avoids trial even though some people doubt his mistakes. His activities have since received little public attention.
Brown's total ownership in the Southeast includes 183 square miles, and he is very prosperous. In 1874 he retired to "Waverley House" in Glen Osmond, where he died at the age of 71 years. He had been a colonist for 51 years, and his South Australian residence had been damaged with only one short visit to San Francisco, where he had an interest property. His wife, Jessie (ca.1826 - November 13, 1892) died at Niagara Falls, which he visited at the company with his nephew, Miss Dougall. They do not leave the family. James Brown is buried at the West Terrace Cemetery, Adelaide, and possibly his wife as well.
Maps James Brown (Australian pastoralist)
Philanthropy
Before leaving Adelaide, Mrs Brown phoned a close friend Adam Adamson Jr (1821 - 20 January 1898), and showed her desire to set up a charity to commemorate her late husband. Mr. Adamson suggested a home for paralyzed children, along with a controversial house for the poor. When Mrs Brown later died, it was announced in the media that between £ 60,000 and £ 100,000 had been left by her for this purpose. The James Brown Memorial Trust was formed, and incorporated by the Act of Parliament in December of 1894. Adamson was the first chairman of the trust, consisting of a registered member of many religious denominations. Estcourt House, near the Grange, was purchased for  £ 3,000 as a home for blind and paralyzed elderly children. Built and named in 1882 by F. Estcourt Bucknall, a well-appointed yacht used to be located inside a gunshot from the mansion, where outstanding hospitality is shared. 'Kalyra' in Belair was also purchased for  £ 4,000, and the wings of Goode and McBride were added later to the building. Sir Charles Goode, one of the trustee, helped to place the institution satisfactorily, and Kalyra and Estcourt House and Trust continued to operate for many years.
See also
- The Range Station Avenue Massacre
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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