The Sun is a tabloid newspaper published in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland. As a spreadsheet, established in 1964 as the successor of the Daily Herald ; it became a tabloid in 1969 after being bought by its current owner. It was published by News Group Newspapers division of News UK, which is a subsidiary of Rupert Murdoch's News Corp. Since The Sun on Sunday was launched in February 2012, this paper has become seven days. operation.
The Sun previously had the largest daily newspaper circulation in the United Kingdom, but was followed by rival Metro in March 2018.
By January 2018, the average daily circulation is 1.5 million. The Sun has been involved in many controversies in his history, including his coverage of the historic Hillsborough football stadium of 1989. The regional editions of newspapers for Scotland, Northern Ireland, and the Republic of Ireland were published in Glasgow ( Scottish Sun ), Belfast ( Sun ) and Dublin ( The Irish Sun ) each.
In 2012, The Sun on Sunday was launched to replace closed News i News, which employs some of its former journalists. The average circulation for The Sun on Sunday in March 2014 was 1,686,840.
Video The Sun (United Kingdom)
Histori
Matahari sebelum Murdoch
The Sun was first published as a wide sheet on September 15, 1964, with the logo displaying a luminous orange disk. Launched by IPC (International Publishing Corporation) owner to replace failure of Daily Herald . This paper is intended to add readers of "social radicals" to the political radicals of the Herald. "It is said that there is" a very large, sophisticated and superior middle class, until now undetected and missed the newspaper "wrote Abram's Bernard Shrimsley forty years later," When the fantasy went, it's in the El Dorado class. "Launched with an advertising budget of £ 400,000, the insolent new paper" exploded with tremendous energy ", according to The Times The initial print of 3.5 million is associated with "curiosity" and "novelty gains", and has decreased to the previous circulation of the Daily Herald (1.2 million) within a few weeks.
In 1969, according to Hugh Cudlipp, The Sun lost about Ã, Â £ 2 million per year and had a circulation of 800,000. IPC decided to sell to stop the loss, according to Bernard Shrimsley in 2004, for fear that the union would interfere with the publication of Mirror if they did not continue to publish the original Sun. Bill Grundy wrote in The Spectator in July 1969 that while publishing "good writers" in Geoffrey Goodman, Nancy Banks-Smith and John Akass among others, it never overcame the negative impact of its launch where it was still similar to Herald . Pre-Murdoch Sun is "a useful, boring, childish, popular" Eid, in the opinion of Patrick Brogan in 1982.
Book publisher and Member of Parliament Robert Maxwell, who wants to buy a British newspaper, offers to release it and maintain its commitment to the Labor Party, but admits there will be redundancies, especially among the printers. Rupert Murdoch, meanwhile, had bought News of the World, Sunday's sensational newspaper, the year before, but the pressure in the basement of his building on London's Bouverie Street was unused six days a week.
Seizing the opportunity to increase his presence at Fleet Street, he made a deal with the print union, promising less redundancy if he obtained a newspaper. He assured IPC that he would publish "honest and honest" newspapers that would continue to support the Labor Party. IPC, under pressure from unions, rejected Maxwell's offer, and Murdoch bought a paper for £ 800,000, to be paid in installments. He then commented: "I am always amazed at the ease with which I enter English newspapers".
The Daily Herald has been printed in Manchester since 1930, as it was Sun after its original launch in 1964, but Murdoch stopped publication there in 1969 which puts pressing aging on Bouverie Street in under extreme pressure when circulation increases.
Age of Early Murdoch
Murdoch found out he had a relationship like that with Larry Lamb at lunch that another recruitment candidate as an editor was not interviewed and Lamb was appointed as the first editor of the new Sun . Lamb wants Bernard Shrimsley to be his representative, which Murdoch accepts because Shrimsley is the second name on his list of choices. Lamb is spicy in his opinion of the Daily Mirror , where he was recently hired as a senior sub-editor, and shared Murdoch's view that paper quality is best measured by sales, and he considers Mirror because of staff overload, and too focused on old readers. Godfrey Hodgson of The Sunday Times interviewed Murdoch today and expressed a positive view of the opposite "Mirrorscope" supplement. "If you think we're going to have high-end bullshit in our newspaper," Murdoch replied dropping a sample copy into the barrel, "you're very wrong".
Sheep hastily recruited staff of about 125 journalists, most of whom were selected for availability rather than their abilities. This is about a quarter of what the Mirror is then used, and Murdoch has to draft the loan staff from his Australian newspaper. Murdoch immediately relaunched The Sun as a tabloid, and ran it as a paper for News of the World . The Sun uses the same printing press, and both documents are managed together at the senior executive level.
The tabloid Sun was first published on November 17, 1969, with the front page titled "HORSE DOPE SENSATION", "exclusive" short. An editorial on page 2 announces: "Today's Sun is a new newspaper It has a new form, a new author, new ideas, but inherits all the best from the great tradition of its predecessor. The Sun care about quality of life, about the kind of world we live in and about people ". The first problem has an "exclusive interview" with the Prime Minister of Labor, Harold Wilson, on page 9. This paper copies the rivals of the Mirror Daily in some way. Same size and the masthead has a white title on the red rectangle with the same color as Daily Mirror . Mirror "Live Letters" matched against "Livelier Letters".
Sex is used as an important element in the content and marketing the newspaper from scratch, which Lamb believes is the most important part of the reader's life. The first topless model appeared on November 17, 1970, Stephanie Rahn; she was marked as "Birthday Suit Girl" to mark the first anniversary of the relaunch of Sun . A topless model gradually becomes a routine fixture, and with an increasingly risquà © poses. Both feminists and many conservative cultures see the images as pornographic and misogynistic. Lamb later revealed some regrets when introducing the feature, though denied that it was sexist. A Conservative board at Sowerby Bridge, Yorkshire, was the first to ban papers from public libraries, shortly after starting, due to excessive sexual content. Shrimsley, Lamb's deputy, came up with a headline, "The Silly Burghers of Sowerby Bridge" to describe the board members. The decision was canceled after a 16-month continuous campaign by the newspaper, and Labor Party-led elections in 1971.
MP Worker Alex Lyon waved copies of The Sun at the House of Commons and suggested that paper could be sued for indecency. Sex related features like "Do Men Still Want to Marry a Virgin?" and "The Way into a Woman's Bed" began to appear. Serialization of erotic books is common; the extract publication of The Sensuous Woman, when the copy of the book was confiscated by the Customs, resulted in scandals and large amounts of free publicity.
Politically, The Sun at the beginning of Murdoch remained a Labor supporter. This advocated a vote for Labor led by Harold Wilson in the 1970 General Election, entitled "Why Work," but in February 1974 it called for a vote for the Conservative Party led by Edward Heath while pointing out that it might support the Labor Party led by James Callaghan or Roy Jenkins. In the October election, an editorial asserted: "ALL our instincts are left out of the right and we will choose politicians who are able to portray themselves as Social Democrats." In a 1975 referendum on the continuing membership of Britain in the European Economic Community, they advocated a vote to remain in the Common Market.
The editor, Larry Lamb, came from the background of the Labor Party with socialist training, while temporary successor Bernard Shrimsley (1972-75) was a conservative middle-class who was not committed. The extensive advertising campaign on the ITV network during this period, voiced by actor Christopher Timothy, may have helped The Sun to take over the Daily Mirror circulation in 1978. Regardless of industrial relations in the 1970s - so-called "Spanish practices" of the print union - the Sun were very profitable, enabling Murdoch to expand its operations to the United States from 1973.
Year Thatcher
Changes
In 1979, the paper supported Margaret Thatcher in this year's general election, at the end of a process that has been running for some time, though The Sun was initially unenthusiastic about Thatcher. On May 3, 1979, it contained a firm front page title, "VOTE TORY THIS TIME".
The Daily Star was launched in 1978 by Express Newspapers, and in 1981 began to affect the sales of The Sun . So bingo was introduced as a marketing tool and the 2p cover price drop removed the daily Harian ' advantage that opened up a new circulation battle that resulted in The Sun neutralizing threats from paper new. The new editor of The Sun Kelvin MacKenzie took his post in 1981 right after this development, and "changed the British tabloid concept deeper than [Larry] Lamb did," according to Bruce Page; under MacKenzie the paper became "more embarrassing, opinionated and impolite than anything ever produced in England". Falklands War
The Sun became a staunch supporter of the Falklands War. The coverage of "catching zeitgeist", according to Roy Greenslade, assistant editor at the time (though personally an enemy of war), but also "xenophobic, bloody-minded, cruel, often reckless, black-humored and ultimately triumphalist."
On May 1st, The Sun claimed to have "sponsored" a British missile. Under the heading "Stick It Up Your Junta: A Sun Missile for Galaueri Gauchos", the newspaper published a photo of a missile (actually a Polaris missile shot shot from the Department of Defense) which has a large Sun logo printed on its side with "It's Here Coming, Senors..." below it. This paper explains that it "sponsored" missiles by contributing to the eventual ultimate victory in HMS Invincibility when the war ended. In a copy written by Wendy Henry, the paper said that the missile will soon be used against Argentine troops. Tony Snow, The Sun journalist on Invincible who had "signed" the missile, reported a few days later that he had reached Argentina's target.
One of the most famous paper front pages, published on May 4, 1982, commemorates the torpedo of the Argentine vessel General Belgrano by running the story under the heading "GOTCHA". At MacKenzie's insistence, and against Murdoch's wish (the mogul was present because almost all journalists were on strike), the title was changed for the next edition after Argentine victims became famous. John Shirley, a reporter for The Sunday Times, watched this copy of The Sun dumped by mariners and marines in HMS
After HMS Sheffield was damaged by the Argentine attack, The Sun was heavily criticized and even ridiculed for his coverage of the war on The Daily Mirror
The satirical magazine Personal Points mocked and reproached what they regarded as a newspaper jingoistic coverage, most remembered by the mock- Sun "BUMP OF AN ARGIE, WINNING METRO!", Where MacKenzie said jokingly replied, "Why do not we think about that?"
The Sun and the Labor Party
These years include the so-called "extraordinary scope of evil" of the Labor Party by The Sun and other newspapers. During the 1983 election The Sun launched a front page featuring an unattractive photo of Michael Foot, then nearly 70 years old, claiming that he was not eligible to be Prime Minister on the basis of his age, appearance and policy, in addition to the news "Do You Really Want The Elderly Stupid To Escape The UK?" A year later, in 1984, The Sun confirmed his enthusiastic support for Ronald Reagan's re-election as US president. Reagan two weeks from his 74th birthday when he started his second term in January 1985.
On March 1, 1984, the newspaper extensively quoted a respected American psychiatrist who claimed that British left-wing politician Tony Benn was "crazy", with psychiatrists discussing various aspects of Benn's pathology. The story, which appears on the day of Chesterfield's election where Benn stands, was discredited when the psychiatrist quoted by The Sun publicly denounced the article and described a fake quote attributed to him as "unreasonable," The Sun has apparently composed the whole section. The newspaper often made a fierce attack on what the paper referred to as the "crazy" element in the Labor Party and the institutions it controlled. Ken Livingstone, Greater London leader, was named "the most unclean man in Britain" in October 1981.
The Sun , during the 1984-85 miners' strike, support the Thatcher police and government against the striking NUM miners, and in particular the union president, Arthur Scargill. On May 23, 1984, The Sun prepared the front page with the headline "Mine FÃÆ'¼hrer" and a photograph of Scargill with an arm in the air, a pose that made it appear as if he gave the Nazis a salute. The print workers at The Sun refused to print it. The Sun strongly supports the April 1986 bombing of the United States, which was launched from the British base. Several civilians were killed in the bombing. Their leader is "True Ron, True Maggie". That year, Labor MP Clare Short tried in vain to persuade Parliament to ban pictures on Page Three and gained irreverence from the newspaper to stand up.
During the 1987 general election, The Sun runs an editorial replica entitled "Why I Support Kinnock, by Stalin".
Murdoch's response
Murdoch has responded to several arguments against the newspaper by saying that critics are "snobs" who want to "impose their tastes on others," while MacKenzie claims the same criticisms are people who, if they ever had "popular ideas", should "go and lie in a dark room for half an hour ". Both have shown great commercial success from Sun in this period and its stance as Britain's bestselling newspaper, claiming that they "give the public what they want". This conclusion is disputed by critics. John Pilger has said that the late-1970s edition of the Daily Mirror , replacing the usual celebrities and domestic political news with all the problems devoted to frontline reporting of the genocide in Pol Pot Cambodia, outsold The Sun on the day it was released but became the only edition of the Daily Mirror that sold every single copy issued across the country, something never achieved by The Sun .
In January 1986 Murdoch closed down Bouverie Street from The Sun and News of the World , and moved operations to the new Wapping complex in East London, replacing the electrician union. to print unions as representative of production staff and greatly reduces the number of staff employed to print paper; a year's picket by fired workers was eventually defeated (see Wapping Dispute).
"Freddie Starr Ate My Hamster"
During this period, The Sun earned a reputation for running a sensational story with questionable truth. On March 13, 1986, the newspaper published one of the most famous headlines: "FREDDIE STARR ATE MY HAMSTER".
The story alleges that British comedian Freddie Starr, while living in the home of a writer and an old friend named Vince McCaffrey and his colleague Lea LaSalle in Birchwood, Cheshire, has, after returning from a show at the nightclub in the early hours, found little to eat at home they. Starr put LaSalle pet hamster, he reportedly said, "between two pieces of bread and start eating it".
According to Max Clifford: Read All About This, written by Clifford and Angela Levin, La Salle finds a frustrating story with Starr who has worked on a book with McCaffrey. She contacted a contact who worked for The Sun in Manchester. The story was reportedly fun for MacKenzie, who was anxious to run it, and Max Clifford, who had once been Starr's public relations agent. Starr must be reassured that clear revelation will not harm it; attention helps to revive his career. In his autobiography in 2001, Starr wrote that the incident was a complete fabrication: "I never eat or even bite a live hamster, gerbils, guinea pigs, rats, mice, rats or any other small mammals. " Elton John and other celebrities
Fueled by MacKenzie's preoccupation with the subject, the stories at The Sun were insinuating and spreading rumors about the sexual orientation of famous people, especially pop stars.
Finally generating 17 total slander reports, The Sun contains a series of fake stories about pop musician Elton John from February 25, 1987. They started with an account found about singers who have sex with a rented boy.. The singer and songwriter was abroad on the day mentioned in the story, as former journalist John Blake, recently hunted by the Daily Mirror , was soon discovered. After the next story, in September 1987, The Sun accused John of having an operationally-operated Rottweiler guard dog voice box. In November, the Daily Mirror found their only source of rival for the rented boy story and he admitted it was a fictitious herb that was created for money. The inaccurate story of his dogs, in fact the Alsatians, puts pressure on The Sun, and John receives Ã, Â £ 1 million outside the court settlement, then the greatest damage payment in British history. The Sun runs a front page apology on December 12, 1988, under the title "MAAF, ELTON" banner. In May 1987, gay men were offered a free one-way flight ticket to Norway to leave England for good: "Fly Away Gay - And We Will Pay" is the title of his paper. The British Gay Church pastor was described in a single title in November 1987 as "Pulpit poofs".
The television personality of Piers Morgan, former editor of The Mirror and the The Sun ' s "Weird" column, has said that during the late 1980s, on the orders of Kelvin MacKenzie, he was ordered to speculate on male pop male sexuality for a feature titled "The Poofs of Pop". He also reminded MacKenzie to underscore a January 1989 story of a first-sex kiss in East Eastenders 'Eastenders' TV soap opera EastBenders, describing the kiss between Colin Russell and Guido Smith as "a homosexual love scene between yuppie poofs... when millions of children are watching ".
In 1990, the Press Council decided to oppose the The Sun and Garry Bushell columnist for the use of terminology for contempt for gay.
AIDS
The Sun responded to the health crisis on May 8, 1983 with the headline: "The US Gay Blood Outbreak Kills Three in the UK".
On November 17, 1989, The Sun gave the headline a 2nd page titled "STRAIGHT SEX CAN NOT GIVING YOU AIDS - OFFICIAL." The Sun well quoted Lord Kilbracken, a member of the All Parliamentary Group on AIDS. Lord Kilbracken said that only one person out of 2,372 people with HIV/AIDS mentioned in the Ministry of Health report was not a member of a "high-risk group", such as homosexuals and drug users. The Sun also runs an editorial stating that "Finally the truth can be said... the risk of getting AIDS if you are heterosexual is 'not seen statistically'.In other words, it is impossible So now we know - everything is homosexual propaganda. "Despite many other British press services covering Lord Kilbracken's public comment, none of them made the argument that the Sun did in its editorial and none of them presented the ideas of Lord Kilbracken without context or criticism.
Critics argue that both The Sun and Lord Kilbracken chose the results of a particular study while ignoring other data reports on HIV infection and not just AIDS infections, which critics see as unethical politicization of medical problems.. Lord Kilbracken himself criticized the editorial and the news headline; He stated that while he thinks that gay people are at higher risk of developing AIDS, it is still wrong to state that no one else can catch the disease. The Press Council condemns The Sun for doing so-called "dirty distortions". The Sun then publishes an apology, which they run on Page 28. Journalist David Randall argues in The Universal Journalist The Sun is one of the worst cases of journalistic malpractice in recent history, putting its own readers in jeopardy. Hillsborough Disaster and consequently
At the end of the decade, the Sun coverage of the Hillsborough soccer stadium disaster in Sheffield on April 15, 1989, in which 96 people died of their wounds, proved, because the newspaper later admitted, the "most terrible" error in its history.
Under the front page titles of "The Truth", the printed paper allegations were given to them that some fans picked up the shattered sacrificial bags, others urinated on members of the emergency services when they tried to help and that some even attacked a police cop "While he set the live kiss for a patient. " Regardless of the headline, written by Kelvin MacKenzie, his story is based on a good guess by an unnamed and unattributable source, or hearsay of what the mentioned people say - a fact made clear to MacKenzie by Harry Arnold , the reporter who wrote the story.
The front page caused anger at Liverpool, where paper lost more than three quarters of its 55,000 daily sales and still sold poorly in the city over 25 years later (about 12,000). Not available in some parts of the city, as many newsagents refuse to keep it. It was revealed in a documentary film called Alexei Sayle's Liverpool , aired in September 2008, that many Liverpudlians would not even pick up a newspaper for free, and those who did it might just burn or tear it. Locals often refer to the paper as "The Scum", with campaigners believing it hampers their struggle for justice.
The sun has lost millions of pounds in revenue in sales and advertising from a boycott on Merseyside.
Reactions later
On July 7, 2004, in response to a verbal attack on Liverpool on Wayne Rooney, just before his transfer from Everton to Manchester United, who had sold his life story to The Sun, this paper devoted an editorial full page to the request sorry for the "terrible mistakes" of Hillsborough coverage and argue that Rooney (who was only three at the time of Hillsborough) should not be punished for "past sin". In January 2005, The Graham Dudman managing editor of The Sun who recognized the Hillsborough coverage was "the worst mistake in our history", adding: "What we did was a big mistake. terrible, insensitive, and terrible article, with a terrible title, but what we also say is: we have apologized for it, and the whole senior team here is now completely different from the team that put the paper in 1989. "
In May 2006, Kelvin MacKenzie, Sun editor at the time of the Hillsborough disaster, returned to the newspaper as a columnist. Furthermore, on January 11, 2007, MacKenzie stated, while a panelist at BBC1's
On September 12, 2012, after the publication of an official report into the disaster using a previously undisclosed Government document that officially relieved Liverpool fans, MacKenzie issued the following statement:
Today I apologize profusely to the people of Liverpool for the title. I am also totally misled. Twenty-three years ago I was given a copy of the leading news agency in Sheffield [White] where a senior police officer and a senior local parliamentarian [Sheffield Hallam MP Irvine Patnick] made serious allegations against fans at the stadium. I have absolutely no reason to believe that these authority figures will lie and cheat on such a disaster. Because the Prime Minister has confirmed that these allegations are entirely untrue and are part of a joint plan by police officers to discredit supporters thus shifting the blame for the tragedy from themselves. It took more than two decades, 400,000 documents and a two-year investigation to find my horror that it would be much more accurate if I wrote the title "The Lies" rather than "The Truth". I publish it in good faith and I regret that it is very wrong.
Trevor Hicks, chairman of the Hillsborough Family Support Group, dismissed Mr MacKenzie's apology as "too little, too late," calling him "a lowly, smart, but humble person".
Following the publication of the report The Sun apologized on its front page, under the heading "Truthfulness Truth". With the newspaper's editor at the time, Dominic Mohan, adding underneath:
This is a version of an event that 23 years ago The Sun went with and for that we are very shy and very sorry. We have fully cooperated with The Hillsborough Independent Panel and will publish their report of findings in tomorrow's newspaper. We will also reflect our deep shame ".
Liverpool FC supporters and the majority of Liverpool City residents continue to boycott the newspaper as a result of the Hillsborough tragedy. In February 2017, Liverpool FC blocked journalists' access to their bases, banning them from on-site coverage and direct participation in press conferences. The newspaper said the decision was "bad for fans and bad for football".
The newspaper was banned by Everton F.C. in April after The Sun published a column by former editor Kelvin MacKenzie the day before the 28th anniversary of the disaster that included a section on Ross Barkley footballers who were considered "horrible and untenable" and included racist racists and insulting the people of Liverpool. Access to club land and facilities for Sun reporters is blocked. Liverpool Mayor Joe Anderson described the article as "a disgrace" and "insult" in the city. MacKenzie was suspended as a paper contributor on the day of publication.
The 1990s
The Sun remained true to Thatcher until his resignation in November 1990, despite the party's declining popularity over the previous year after the introduction of the election tax (officially known as Community Charging). This change to the way the local government is funded is strongly supported by newspapers, despite widespread opposition, (some of the Conservative MPs), who are thought to have contributed to Thatcher's own downfall. The tax was quickly repealed by his successor John Major, who was initially enthusiastically supported, believing the former British Minister of Finance was a Thatcherite radical.
On election day April 9, 1992, the front page title, summarizing the antipathy of Neil Kinnock's Labor leader, reads "If Kinnock wins today, will the last man to leave England please turn on the lights?" Two days later The Sun strongly believes its front page has repeated a close vote for the Conservatives that it says "It's The Sun Wot Won It".
The Sun leads under the heading "Now we have all been disrupted by the cabinet" with reference to Black Wednesday on September 17, 1992, and a few months earlier exposure of the extra-marital affair in which Cabinet Minister David Mellor was involved. A month later, on October 14, it attacked Michael Heseltine for the closure of a massive coal mine.
Despite initial disagreements over the closure, until 1997, newspapers repeatedly called for further implementation of Thatcherite policies, such as the privatization of the Royal Mail, and reduction of social security, with leaders such as "Peter Lilley is right, we can not continue like this". The paper demonstrates hostility towards the European Union (EU) and approval of public spending cuts, tax cuts, and promotion of right-wing ministers for the cabinet, with leaders like "More of the Redwood, not Deadwood".
The Sun attacked Labor leader John Smith in February 1994, saying that more British troops had to be sent to Bosnia. Sun comment is that "The only serious radical in British politics these days are the likes of Redwood, Lilley and Portillo". It also gradually expressed bitter disappointment with John Major as Prime Minister, with leaders such as "What a fool we support John Major".
Between 1994 and 1996, the circulation of the Sun sparked. Its highest average selling was in the week ending July 16, 1994, when the daily figure was 4,305,957. The highest one-day sale occurred on November 18, 1995 (4,889,118), although the closing price has been cut to 10p. The highest one-day sale ever conducted at full price was on March 30, 1996 (4,783,359).
On January 22, 1997, The Sun accused Gordon Brown's shadow chancellor of stealing the Conservative idea by stating, "If all he offers is the conservative financial restraints, why not choose the real one?" and called the unexpected taxes planned, which were then imposed by the Labor government, "wrong". In February 1997, he told Sir Edward Heath MP to step down for supporting the national minimum wage.
Support for New Workers
The Sun averted support to the Labor Party on March 18, 1997, six weeks before the election victory which saw New Labor Party leader Tony Blair become Prime Minister with a large parliamentary majority, although newspapers have attacked Blair. and New Labor until one month earlier. The front page title reads THE SUN BACKS BLAIR and his front page editorial explains that while still opposing some New Labor policies, such as minimum wages and devolution, it is believed Blair to be "the breath of fresh air of this great country of need." Conservative John Major, he said, "tired, divided and without steering". Blair, who has radically altered his party's image and policies, given the influence of the paper on the political thinking of its readers, has seduced (and Murdoch) for some time by giving exclusive interviews and column writing.
In return for Rupert Murdoch's support, Blair agreed not to join the European Exchange Rate Mechanism - which John Major had drawn from September 1992 after nearly two years. Cabinet minister Peter Mandelson was "released" by Matthew Parris (former Sun's columnist) on BBC TV NewsNight in November 1998. Misjudging public response, The Sun > David Yelland's editor demands to know in front page editorial whether Britain is ruled by "gay mafia" of "closed men's world with mutual interest". Three days later the newspaper apologized in another editorial that said The Sun would never again reveal one's sexuality unless it could be maintained on the basis of "tremendous public interest".
In 2003 the newspaper was accused of racism by the government because of its criticism of what was considered an "open door" policy on immigration. The attack came from Prime Minister's press spokesman Alastair Campbell and Interior Minister David Blunkett (later a Sun columnist). The paper denied the claims, believing that it is not racist to state that unlawful "tide" of unregistered immigrants increases the risk of terrorist attacks and infectious diseases. That does not help his argument by publishing a front-page story on July 4, 2003, under the heading "Swan Bake", which claims that asylum seekers are slaughtering and eating goose. This then proved to have no basis in fact. Next, The Sun publishes a follow-up titled "Now they are looking for our fish!". After the Press Complaints Commission hearing, "clarification" was finally printed on page 41. In 2005 The Sun published photos of Prince Harry dressed in Nazi costumes to a costume party. The photographs caused anger around the world and Clarence House was forced to issue a statement in response to an apology for the offense or embarrassment it inflicted.
Despite persistent critics of some government policies, the newspaper supported the Labor Party in the next two elections won by the party. For the 2005 election, The Sun supported Blair and Labor for their third consecutive victory and vowed to give him "one last chance" to fulfill his promise, despite scolding him for some weaknesses including failure to control immigration. However, it speaks of his hope that the Conservatives (led by Michael Howard) will one day be fit to return to government. This election (Blair has declared to be the last as prime minister) resulted in the Labor Party's third victory but with a much reduced majority.
Editorial and production issues in the 2000s
When Rebekah Wade (now Brooks) became editor in 2003, is expected to fall. Wade tried to persuade David Yelland, his immediate predecessor in the work, to remove the feature, but a model who shared his first name was used on his first day in the post.
On September 22, 2003, the newspaper seemed to misjudge the public mood around mental health, as well as affection for former world heavyweight champion Frank Bruno, who had been hospitalized, when the title "Bonkers Bruno Locked Up" appeared in the front. page of the initial edition. The adverse reaction, once the paper hit the streets on the night of September 21, caused the headlines to be changed for the second edition of the paper into a more "sympathetic" Sado Bruno in the Mental House.
The Sun has openly contradicted other European countries, particularly France and Germany. During the 1980s and 1990s, nationalities were routinely portrayed in copies and headlines as "frogs", "krauts" or "huns". Because the paper is against the EU, it refers to foreign leaders who are considered hostile to Britain in unattractive matters. Former President Jacques Chirac of France, for example, was labeled "le Worm". An unflattering picture of German Chancellor Angela Merkel, taken from behind, contains the title "I'm Big in the Bumdestag" (April 17, 2006).
Though The Sun was outspoken against racism aimed at Bollywood actress Shilpa Shetty on Celebrity Big Brother's reality television show during 2007, the paper wrote pictures on its website, from a Bollywood. - pop video by Hilary Duff, "Hilary PoppaDuff", an insult very similar to that directed at Shetty.
On January 7, 2009, The Sun runs an exclusive front page story that claims that participants in a discussion on Ummah.com, a British Muslim internet forum, have created a "hate hits list" British Jews to be targeted by extremists during the Gaza War. Claimed that "Those who are registered [in the forum] should treat it very seriously. Expect a campaign of hatred and intimidation by 20 or 30 criminals." The British Personal Eye Magazine claims that Glen Jenvey, a man quoted by The Sun as a terrorist, who has posted to a forum under the pseudonym "Abuislam", is the only one forum members who promote hate campaigns while other members promote peaceful advocacy, such as writing "polite letters". This story has been removed from the The Sun site after complaints to the UK Press Complaints Commission.
On December 9, 2010, The Sun published a front-page story claiming that al-Qaeda terrorist groups had threatened terrorist attacks on Granada Television in Manchester to disrupt the episode of soap operas Coronation Street transmitted instantly that night. The newspaper quoted an unnamed source, claiming "the police are throwing a steel ring around tonight's episode of Coronation Street for fear it has been targeted by Al-Qaeda." Later that morning, however, the Greater Manchester Police categorically denied having been "informed of any threat from al-Qaeda or other forbidden organizations." The Sun published a minor correction on December 28, acknowledging "that while the cast and crew are subject to a full body search, there is no specific threat from Al Qaeda as we report." The apology has been negotiated by the Press Grievance Commission. For days after the 2011 Norwegian attack, The Sun produced an early edition that blamed the massacre of al-Qaeda on its front page. Then the perpetrator was revealed to be Anders Behring Breivik, a right-wing terrorist from Norway.
In January 2008, Wapping pressed the printing of The Sun for the last time and the London printing was transferred to Waltham Cross at Borough of Broxbourne in Hertfordshire, where News International built what is claimed to be Europe's largest printing center with 12 pressures. The site also produces The Times and Sunday Times , Daily Telegraph and Sunday Telegraph , Wall Street Journal Europe (also the Murdoch newspaper), London Evening Standard , and local newspapers. The previous north printing had switched to a new factory at Knowsley on Merseyside and Scottish Sun to a new plant in Motherwell near Glasgow. The three print centers represent an investment worth  £ 600 million by NI and allow all titles to be produced with every page in full color from 2008. The Waltham Cross plant is capable of generating one million copies an hour from a 120 page tabloid newspaper.
In early 2011, the company cleared the Wapping complex, which in November 2011 was marketed for £ 200 million. In May 2012, the Wapping site reportedly sold for £ 150m to St. George, part of Berkeley Group Holdings.
2009: The Sun returns to Conservative
Politically, the posture was less clear under Prime Minister Gordon Brown who replaced Blair in June 2007. His editorial criticized many of Brown's policies and often more supportive of those of Conservative leader David Cameron. Rupert Murdoch, head of News Corporation's parent News Corporation, spoke at a 2007 meeting with House of Lords Select Committee on Communications, which is investigating media ownership and news, saying that he acting as a "traditional owner". This means he trains editorial control on key issues such as which political party will support the elections or which policies will be adopted in Europe.
With the "Broken Britain" controversy over issues such as crime, immigration and public service failures in the news, on September 30, 2009, after Brown's speech at the Labor Conference, The Sun , under the banner of "Labor's Lost It ", announces that it no longer supports the Labor Party:" The Sun believes - and pray - that the Conservative leadership can put it back to the United Kingdom ".
That day at the Labor Conference, union leader Tony Woodley responded by tearing down a copy of The Sun's edition, remarking when he did so in connection with the controversy of the Hillsborough Disaster newspaper: "In Liverpool we learned long ago what should done ". One attack on Gordon Brown backfires around this time. After criticizing him for misspelling the name of the dead soldier's mother, The Sun was then forced to apologize for misspelling the same name on their website.
The Scottish Sun did not support either Labor or the Conservatives, with his editorial saying "unconvinced" by the Conservative opposition, and editor David Dinsmore asked in an interview "what will David Cameron do to Scotland?". Dinsmore also stated that the paper supports the Union, and is unlikely to support the Scottish National Party.
During the campaign for the 2010 election, the Independent ran the ad stating that "Rupert Murdoch will not decide on this election - you will." In response, James Murdoch and Rebekah Wade "appeared unannounced and uninvited on the editorial floor" of Independent , and had an energetic conversation with their editor Simon Kelner. A few days later Independent reported Sun's report to report the results of a YouGov poll that said that "if people think Clegg's party has a significant chance to win the election "Liberal Democrats will win 49% of the vote, and with it the majority of landslides.
On election day (May 6, 2010), The Sun urged its readers to choose David Cameron's "modern and positive Conservative" to rescue Britain from a "catastrophe" that state newspapers would face if the government Labor Party was re-elected. The election ended in the first parliament hanged after 36 years of election, with the Tories getting the most seats and votes but being 20 fewer seats than the overall majority. They finally came to power on May 11 when Gordon Brown resigned as prime minister, paving the way for David Cameron to become prime minister by forming a coalition with the Liberal Democrats.
On August 24, 2012, The Sun sparked controversy when publishing a photo of Prince Harry taken in a private situation with friends while on vacation in Las Vegas, USA. While other British newspapers did not publish photographs to respect the privacy of members of the Royal Family, editorial staff of The Sun claimed it was a step to test British perceptions of press freedom. In photographs published on the internet around the world, Prince Harry is naked.
Since 2010
Collapse of scandal World News
Following the hacking of the News of the World phone call that led to the closing of the paper on July 10, 2011, there was speculation that News International would launch Sunday edition The Sun to replace News of the World . Internet URL sunonsunday.co.uk , thesunonsunday.co.uk and thesunonsunday.com was registered on July 5, 2011 by News International Newspapers Limited. Similar URL sunonsunday.com is not affiliated, was registered in Italy on September 24, 2007.
On July 18, 2011, the LulzSec group hacked into The Sun span site, where they posted fake news about Rupert Murdoch's death before redirecting the website to their Twitter page. The group also targets the The Times website.
A journalist working for The Sun was arrested and taken to the southwest London police station on November 4, 2011. The man is the sixth person arrested in the UK under a legal investigation related to News International, Operation Elveden. In January 2012, two former employees are currently and two former arrested. On January 18, 2013, 22 Sun journalists have been arrested, including their crime reporter Anthony France.
On January 28, 2012, police arrested four current staff members and former members of The Sun , as part of an investigation in which reporters paid police officers for information; a police officer was also arrested at the hearing. The captured staff is a crime editor Mike Sullivan, headline Chris Pharo, former deputy editor Fergus Shanahan, and former managing editor Graham Dudman, who has since been a columnist and media writer. Five people were arrested on suspicion of corruption. Police also ransacked News International's offices, the publisher of The Sun, as part of an ongoing investigation into the News of the World scandal.
On February 11, 2012, five senior journalists at The Sun were arrested, including deputy editors, as part of Operation Elveden (a payment investigation to British civil servants).
Coinciding with a visit to The Sun Newsroom on February 17, 2012, Murdoch announced by email that the arrested journalist, who had been suspended, would return to work because nothing had been proven against them. He also told the staff at email that The Sun on Sunday will be launched "very long"; launched on February 26, 2012.
On February 27, 2012, a day after the debut of The Sun on Sunday, Assistant Deputy Commissioner Sue Akers told Leveson Inquiry that police are investigating "network of corrupt officials" as part of their inquiry into hacking and police corruption. He said the evidence shows "illegal payment culture" at The Sun official at senior level.
Free 2014 World Cup trouble
On June 12 and 13, 2014, to join the start of the 2014 World Cup soccer tournament, the free special edition The Sun is distributed by Royal Mail to 22 million homes in the UK. The promotion, which did not include the topless model, was announced in mid-May and is believed to be the first freesheet issued by the UK national newspaper.
The boycott on Merseyside after the newspaper coverage of the Hillsborough disaster in 1989 meant that the copy was not sent to areas with a Liverpool zip code. Royal Mail employees in Merseyside and beyond are given a special dispensation by their managers to enable them not to handle publications "on a case by case basis".
Lead party leaders, David Cameron, Nick Clegg and Ed Miliband, all portrayed holding a copy of a special issue in publicity material. Miliband's decision to pose with a copy of The Sun got a strong response. The organization representing the relatives of the Hillsborough victims described Miliband's actions as "an absolute disgrace" and he also faced criticism from Liverpool workers lawmakers and City workers mayor Joe Anderson. A statement was issued on June 13 explaining that Miliband "promoted England's bid to win the World Cup", although "he understood the anger felt against Sun over Hillsborough by many on Merseyside and he regretted those who were offended."
Promoted as "the unreasonable celebration of England", The Sun's special edition lasts up to 24 pages.
The collapse of the Contostavlos Contents experiment for drug offenses
On June 2, 2013, The Sun on Sunday runs the front page story on singer-songwriter Contostavlos. The front page reads: "The writing of cocaine is ashamed of shame"; the story is written by The Sun On Sunday ' in disguise of reporter Mahzer Mahmood, who previously worked for News of the World . It is claimed that Tulisa introduced three film producers (in fact Mahmood and two other Sun journalists) to drug dealers and made an Ã, Â £ 800 deal. The mockery involved deceiving the singer to believe he was being considered for the role in the Bollywood film Ã, Â £ 8 million.
In subsequent trials, the case against the Book collapsed at Southwark Crown Court in July 2014, with the judge commenting that there was "a compelling reason" to believe that Mahmood had lied to a pre-trial hearing and tried to manipulate evidence against his colleague. Defendant of the Post. The paper was cleared of supplying Class A medicines. After this incident, The Sun released a statement saying that the newspaper "takes the Judge's statements very seriously Mahmood has been suspended pending an immediate internal investigation."
Staff trials for violations in public office
In October 2014, the trials of six senior staff and journalists in The Sun newspaper began. The six were charged with conspiring to commit a mistake in the public office. They include Chris Pharo's head, who faces six charges, while ex-managing editor Graham Dudman and former Sun news deputy news editor Ben O'Driscoll was charged with four counts each. Thames Valley district reporter Jamie Pyatt and image editor John Edwards are charged with three counts each, while former reporter John Troup is accused of two counts. Courts linked to illegal payments were allegedly committed to public officials, with prosecutors saying people conspired to pay officials from 2002 to 2011, including police, prison officials and soldiers. They are accused of buying secret information about the Royal Family, public figures, and inmates. They all denied the allegations. On January 16, 2015, Troup and Edwards were released by a jury of all charges against them. The jury also partially cleared O'Driscoll and Dudman but continued to talk about other numbers faced by them, as well as charges against Pharo and Pyatt. On January 21, 2015, the jury told the court that they could not reach a unanimous decision on one of the outstanding charges and was told by the judge, Richard Marks, that he would accept the majority decision. Shortly after, one of the jurors sent a note to the judge and was dismissed. The judge told the other 11 members of the jury that their colleague had "felt unwell and felt under a lot of pressure and pressure from the situation you were in", and that in that circumstance he was ready to accept a majority of "11 to zero or 10 to 1 ". On January 22, 2015, the jury was dismissed after failing to reach a verdict on unpaid charges. The Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) announced that it will request a retrial.
On February 6, 2015, it was announced that Judge Richard Marks would be replaced by Judge Charles Wide at the re-trial. Two days earlier, Marks had emailed lawyers to the defendants, telling them: "It has been decided (not by me but by my parents and my boss) that I will not re-conduct." Reporting the decision in the British newspaper The Guardian , Lisa O'Carroll writes: "Broad is the only judge who so far has led in a case that has seen a journalist's confidence in relation to unlawful allegations. to a public official for a story.Journalists, who can not be named for legal reasons, appealed against the verdict ". Defenders for the four journalists threatened to take a decision on legal review, with Pharo's lawyer Nigel Rumfitt QC saying: "This way of raising the impression that something has happened behind the scenes that should not have happened behind the scenes and which should be handled transparently ". He added that the defendants were "deeply concerned" and "entitled" to know why Mark was replaced by Wide.
In a separate trial, Sun Parker reporter Nick Parker was released on December 9, 2014 to assist and conspire with errors in the public office but was found guilty of handling stolen phones belonging to Labor MP Siobhain McDonagh.
On May 22, 2015, Anthony France's reporter was found guilty of aiding and abetting mistakes at public offices between 2008 and 2011. The French court follows Elveden Metropolitan Police Operations in London, an ongoing investigation into allegations payment to police and officials in exchange of information. He has paid a total of over 22,000 pounds to PC Timothy Edwards, an anti-terrorism police officer based in Heathrow Airport. Police officers have pleaded guilty to mistakes in public office and were given a two-year jail sentence in 2014, but a jury in French court was not informed of this. After the passing of the guilty verdict, the officer who led Operation Elveden, Detective Chief Superintendent Gordon Briggs said France and Edwards had been in "a corrupt long-term relationship".
The BBC reports that France was the first journalist to face trial and convicted under Operation Elveden since the Crown Prosecutor's Office (CPS) has revised its guidelines in April 2015 so prosecutions will only be filed against journalists who have made payments to the police for a period of time. As a result of changes in the CPS policy, allegations against several journalists who have made payments to other types of public officials - including civil servants, health workers and prison staff - have been revoked. In July 2015, the Private Eye magazine reported that, at the hearing cost at Old Bailey, The Sun the parent company has refused to pay for the cost of prosecution relating to the French court, presided over the presiding judge to declare "his great disappointment" in this state. Judge Timothy Pontius said in court that the illegal acts of France had become part of a "clearly recognized procedure in The Sun," adding that, "There is no doubt that News International provides some measure of moral responsibility if not legal mistake over the actions of the accused ". The Personal Eyes report notes that although the parent organization The Sun is "considering disciplinary action" against France while at the same time preparing to bring the case to the Powers Investigation Court against the London Metropolitan Police Service for his actions relating to him and two other journalists.
End of feature (January 2015)
The Sun defended Page 3 for more than 40 years, with (then) editor Dominic Mohan telling Leveson Inquiry into the press standard, in February 2012, that "Page 3" was " regarded with affection and tolerance. "To mark the 40th anniversary of the feature, feminist writer Germaine Greer wrote an article on The Sun on November 18, 2010 published under the heading:" If I ask to my weird guy about what work he got from page 3, he just said, 'It cheers me up' ".
In August 2013, The Irish Sun ended the practice of showing a topless model on Page 3. The main newspaper reportedly followed in 2015 with the January 16th edition allegedly reviewed to bring the photographs after it was reported in > The Times make such a statement. After substantial coverage in the media about alleged changes in editorial policy, it returns to the usual format on January 22, 2015. A few hours before this issue was published, Head of Public Relations in the newspaper said the famous end of Page 3 had only "speculation".
Apart from the January 22 issue, the conventional features of the topless model have not returned, and have ended effectively.
Allegations of xenophobia
On April 17, 2015, Katie Hopkins' Sun Columnist Katie Hopkins called migrants to Britain "cockroaches" and "wild men" and said they "spread like noroviruses". His remarks were condemned by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. In a statement released on April 24, 2015, High Commissioner Zeid Ra'ad Al Hussein stated that Hopkins 'uses' a language very similar to that used by Rwandan newspaper Kangura and Radio Mille Collines during the period up to 1994 genocide ", and noted that both media organizations were subsequently convicted by an international tribunal of public incitement to commit genocide.
In August 2017 The Sun published a column by Trevor Kavanagh who questioned what actions the UK society should take to address the "Muslim Issues". Many sources suggest columns using language that is reminiscent of Nazi propaganda and Nazi phrases. A joint complaint was made for the Independent Press Stand Organization by the British Jewish Deputy Council, Say MAMA and Faith Matters. A statement by groups says "Printing the phrase 'Muslim Issues' - especially with capitalization and italics to emphasize - in national newspapers sets a dangerous precedent, and recalls the use of the phrase 'The Jewish question of the last century, which the Nazis responded to' The Final Solution '- Holocaust ". A cross-party group of more than 100 MPs from the Conservative Party, the Labor Party, the Liberal Democrats and the Green Party later signed a letter to the editor of The Sun that demanded action on the column. The letter said lawmakers were "really angry by hatred and bigotry" in the Kavanagh column.
"Brexit"
On March 9, 2016, the front page The Sun ' states that Queen Elizabeth II supports "Brexit", a general term for UK withdrawal from the European Union. He claims that in 2011 at Windsor Castle,
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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