The United States Open Tennis Championship is a hardcourt tennis tournament. This tournament is a modern version of one of the world's oldest tennis championships, US. The National Championships, where the men's singles were first contested in 1881. Since 1987, the US Open is chronologically the fourth and final tennis course composed of Grand Slams every year; The other three, in chronological order, are the Australian Open, French Open and Wimbledon.
The US Open is held annually, starting on the last Monday of August, and lasts for two weeks through September, with the weekend going to coincide with the Labor Day holiday. The main tournament consists of five event championships: men's and women's singles, men's and women's doubles, and mixed doubles, with additional tournaments for senior players, juniors, and wheelchairs. Since 1978, the tournament has been played on acrylic hard courts at USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in Flushing Meadows-Corona Park, Queens, New York City. The US Open is owned and organized by the United States Tennis Association (USTA), nonprofit organization, and current US Open Chairman is Katrina Adams. The net proceeds from ticket sales, sponsorship and television offerings were used to promote the development of tennis in the United States.
The US Open is the only Grand Slam that uses a tiebreak in every set of matches. For the other three Grand Slam games, if the match goes to the last possible set (third for women, fifth for men) and there is a 6-6 tie, the match will continue until one player wins with two matches, but the set of play before the last set is always using a tiebreak should be a set reach 6-6. It's also the only Grand Slam where a women's draw has 16 qualifications, not 12.
Video US Open (tennis)
Histori
1881-1914: Newport Casino
The tournament was first held in August 1881 on grass at Newport Casino, Newport, Rhode Island and in the first year only clubs that were members of the US National Grasses Association (USNLTA) were admitted. The first edition was won by Richard Sears, who then won seven consecutive singles titles.
From 1884 to 1911, the tournament used a challenge system where the defending champions automatically qualify for the finals next year where he will play the all-comers tournament winner. In 1915 the national championship was moved from Newport, Rhode Island to the West Side Tennis Club in Forest Hills, New York; as early as 1911 attempts were made by a group of tennis players, led by New Yorker Karl Behr, to relocate tournaments to New York City.
In the first years of the US National Championships, only men competed and this tournament was known as the US National Single Championship for Men. Six years after the men were first held, the first US National Women's Singles Championship was held at the Philadelphia Cricket Club in 1887, won by 17-year-old Philadelphian Ellen Hansell. This was followed by the introduction of the US Women's Dual Women's Championship in 1899 and the US Double Mixed Championship in 1892. The women's tournament used a challenge system from 1888 to 1918, except in 1917. Between 1890 and 1906 sectional tournaments were held in the east and west of the country to determine the two best doubles teams, who competed in the play-offs for the right to compete against defending champions in the challenge round.
1915-1977: West Side Tennis Club
In early 1915 the problem reappeared when a group of about 100 tennis players signed a petition in favor of the move, arguing that most of the tennis clubs, players and fans were in the New York City area and would therefore benefit the development of the sport to host the championship national there. This view was opposed by a group of other players who included eight former national singles champions. The debated issue was brought to the ballot at the annual USNLTA meeting on February 5, 1915 and with 128 votes agreeing and 119 against it was decided to be relocated.
From 1921 to 1923, the tournament was played at Germantown Cricket Club in Philadelphia. It returned to Forest Hills in 1924 after the completion of the construction of a new 14,000-seat concrete Forest Hills Stadium. Although considered unofficial by many as the previous major championship, this tournament was officially designated as one of the major tournaments by ILTF which began in 1924.
At the 1922 US National Championships, the draw for the first time included leading players to avoid leading players facing each other in the preliminary round.
Open era
The open era began in 1968 when professional tennis players were allowed to compete at the annual Grand Slam level tournament at the West Side Tennis Club in Forest Hills. The previous US National Championship was limited only to amateur players. All events (singles and doubles, singles and doubles, and, later, mixed doubles) in open national tournaments for professionals starting with the 1968 joint tournament. That year, 96 men and 63 women entered the event, and prize money totaled $ 100,000. In 1970, the US Open became the first Grand Slam tournament to use a tiebreaker to break a set that achieved a 6-6 score in the game and was the only major one to use the tiebreak in the deciding set; three other Grand Slams play the deciding set until the two match margins are reached. From 1970 to 1974, the US Open used the best dead-tiebreaker shooter with nine points before moving on to the best ITF points system. In 1973 the US Open became the first Grand Slam tournament to award equal prize money for men and women with single year champions John Newcombe and Margaret Court both receiving $ 25,000. Another US Open innovation came in 1975, when the spotlights allowed the night game for the first time.
Since 1978: National Tennis Center USTA
In 1978 the tournament was moved from the West Side Tennis Club, Forest Hills, Queens to the larger USTA National Tennis Center in Flushing Meadows, Queens, three miles to the north. In the process, the tournament changed the court surface from clay, used in the last three years in Forest Hills, to a harsh trial. Jimmy Connors is the only individual who has won the US Open singles title on all three surfaces (grass, clay, hardcourt), while Chris Evert is the only woman to win on two surfaces (clay, hardcourt). The US Open is the only Grand Slam tournament that has been played every year since its inception. During the 2006 US Open, the compound renamed the US National Billing Center Billie Jean King to honor the four-time tournament champion and women's tennis pioneer Billie Jean King.
From 1984 to 2015, the US Open deviated from traditional scheduling practices for a tennis tournament with the concept known as "Super Saturday": the men's and women's finals are played on the final Saturday and Sunday of the tournament, and each semifinal is held one day before. The Princess Final was initially held between two men's semi-final matches; in 2001, the Women's final was moved into the night so it could be played on primetime television, citing the huge growth in popularity for women's tennis among viewers. This pattern of scheduling helped to drive television viewership, but proved to be divisive among the players as it only gave them less than a day of rest between their semi-finals and their championships.
For five consecutive tournaments between 2007 and 2012, the men's final was postponed until Monday due to weather. In 2013 and 2014, USTA deliberately scheduled men's men's finals on Monday - a move praised for allowing male players to rest an extra day after the semi-final but drawing ATP's anger to deviate further from other Grand structures. Slam. By 2015, Super Saturday's concepts are dropped, and the US Open returns to a format similar to other Grand Slams, with the men's and women's finals on Saturday and Sunday. However, weather delays forced the two sets of semi-finals to be held on Friday that year.
Maps US Open (tennis)
Grounds
The US Open baseline has a total of 22 trials consisting of four "court proceedings" (Arthur Ashe, Louis Armstrong, Grandstand, and Court 17), 13 field courts, and 5 practical courts.
The main tribunal is the 22,547 seat Arthur Ashe Stadium opened in 1997. Named after Arthur Ashe, an African American who won the US Open final in 1968. The next largest trial is Louis Armstrong. The stadium, opened in 1978, was extensively renovated from the Singer Bowl, which was built for the 1964 New York World Exhibition. It was a major stadium from 1978 to 1996. Its peak capacity was close to 18,000 seats, but was reduced to 10,200 with the removal of the upper seats after the opening Arthur Ashe Stadium. The third largest court is the 6,000-seat Grandstand, which was created when the rectangular Singer Bowl was converted into a square Armstrong Stadium, so about a third of the Bowls are available to be elsewhere.
In 2011, Court 17 was opened as a fourth show court, with a large television screen and electronic line calling that allowed players to challenge. Sink to the ground, it was nicknamed "The Pit". It holds 3,000 fans since its completion in 2012. It is located in the southeast corner of the field. Sidecourts 4, 7, and 11 each have a seating capacity of over 1,000.
All the courts used by the US Open are illuminated, allowing television coverage of the tournament to extend to primetime. In 2001, the Women's final was transferred to primetime; CBS Sports President Sean McManus cites significant interest credited to star players Serena Williams and Venus Williams, and the 1999 Women's final ranking performance, which was pushed into primetime due to rain delays.
Surface
Since 1978 the US Open has been played on the surface of a hard field called Pro DecoTurf. It is a multi-layer layered surface and classified by ITF as medium-fast (category 4), has slightly less friction and produces a lower leap compared to other harsh courts. Every year, before the start of the tournament, the court reappears.
In 2005, all US Open and US Open Series tennis courts were given a blue field inside the line to make it easier to see the ball on television (also for fans in the stands). The outside remains green.
Challenge of player call challenge
In 2006, the US Open introduced an instant replay review of the call, using the Hawk-Eye computer system, the first Grand Slam to use the system. According to many experts, the system was implemented because of the controversial quarter-final match at the 2004 US Open between Serena Williams and Jennifer Capriati, where important phone calls were made against Williams. Instant re-games were initially only available in stadium courts (Ashe and Armstrong), until 2009 when it was also available at Grandstand. In 2007, JP Morgan Chase renewed its support for the US Open and, as part of the arrangement, the replay system was renamed "Chase Review" on video and television at the stadium.
Latest presence
Source: US Open, University of New York City (CUNY)
Reward
Total prize money for the US Open championship 2017 is US $ 50.4 million, divided as follows:
* per tim
In addition, $ 600,000 will contribute prize money to Champions Invitational events, while $ 1,478,000 is estimated as a ' per diem player. Total prize money for men and women ($ 36,324,000) will cover more than 78% of total player compensation, while double ($ 5,463,000) and mixed doubles ($ 500,000) - 12% and 1% respectively.
The US Open has made a five-year agreement to raise the total prize money to $ 50.4 million by 2017. As a result, the total base money prize for the 2013 tournament increased to $ 33.6 million, a record $ 8.1 million increase from 2012. The Series champions The 2013 US Open will also have the opportunity to add $ 2.6 million in bonus prize money, potentially bringing the total US Open purse 2013 to more than $ 36 million. By 2014, the total base prize money is $ 38.3 million. By 2015, prize money is raised to $ 42.3 million.
The growth of prize money given to participants has exceeded inflation over the past forty years. For example, single champions in 1973 earned $ 25,000, which, in dollars by 2015, would be equal to about $ 133,000. However, by 2015, each single winner earns $ 3.3 million. In other words, in real dollars, today's champions are paid about twenty-five times more than the champions in 1973.
Ranking points
Ranking points for men (ATP) and women (WTA) vary across the US Open for years but currently single players receive the following points:
Champions
Previous winner
- Men's Singles
- Women's Singles
- Men's Doubles
- Women's Doubles
- Mixed Doubles
The current winner
Recordings
Media coverage
- The US Open website enables live streaming of video views, but unlike other Grand Slam tournaments, it is not possible to watch videos on demand. The site also offers live radio coverage.
- United States : ESPN, which has full control to broadcast the event starting in 2015, ended the 47-year CBS coverage range.
- Pan-Asia Region : Fox Sports broadcasted this event since 2017 with a 5-year contract.
- Belgium : public broadcaster EÃÆ' Â © n, Canvas and Eurosport commercial channels
- Brazilian : SporTV and ESPN
- Canada : TSN, RDS
- China : CCTV and iQiyi
- Czech Republic : O2 and Eurosport
- Denmark : Eurosport, Eurosport 2, and Eurosport Player
- Germany : Eurosport includes up to five multichannel feeds available only in Sky Germany (Eurosport 360 HD) and Eurosport Player
- Middle East and North Africa : beIN Sports
- Italy : Eurosport, Eurosport 2, and Eurosport Player
- India and Pakistan : Star Sports Select
- Japan : WOWOW since 1992
- South Korea : XTM since 2012
- Mexico : Television Store network cable
- The Dutch and German : Eurosport and Eurosport 2
- Philippines : Sports Action ABS-CBN
- Polish : Eurosport and Eurosport 2
- Portugal and Spanish : Eurosport
- Russian : NTV Plus and Eurosport
- Serbian : RTS
- Singapore : StarHub TV Sports Channels
- South Africa : SuperSport
- Switzerland : Swiss Broadcasting Corporation and Eurosport
- Thailand : TrueVisions True Tennis Channel
- United Kingdom & amp; Ireland : Starting in 2018, Amazon will feature the US Open for the next five years.
- Vietnam : SCTV and VTV
See also
- US Open Series
- Taste of Tennis
Note
References
External links
- Media related to US Open (tennis) on Wikimedia Commons
- Official website
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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