Tupac Amaru Shakur ( TOO -pahk sh? - KOOR born Lesane Parish Crooks , June 16, 1971 - September 13, 1996), also known by his stage name Tupac , 2Pac and < b> Makaveli , is a rapper and an American actor. Shakur sells over 75 million records worldwide, making it one of the best-selling music artists of all time. Her double-disc album All Eyez on Me (1996) and Greatest Hits (1998) is one of the best-selling albums in the United States. Shakur has consistently ranked as one of the greatest and most influential rapper of all time, and he has been listed and ranked as one of the greatest artists of various genres by numerous publications, including Rolling Stone 86 in the list of The 100 Greatest Artists of All Time. On April 7, 2017, Shakur was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in the first year of eligibility.
Shakur began his career as a roadie, backup dancer and MC for the alternative hip hop group Digital Underground, which eventually branched out as a solo artist. Most of the themes in Shakur songs revolve around violence and difficulty in inner cities, racism, and other social problems. Both his parents and several others in his family are members of the Black Panther Party, whose ideals are reflected in his songs. During the latter part of his career, Shakur was a vocal participant during the East-West Beach hip hop competition, becoming involved in conflicts with rappers, producers, and other record label staff members, notably The Notorious B.I.G. and his label, Bad Boy Records. Aside from his career in music, Shakur is also an actor, starring in six movies and one TV show in the 1990s, including Poetic Justice (1993), Related Gang (1997). ) and Gridlock'd (1997).
On September 7, 1996, Shakur was shot dead in a vehicle shooting at the intersection of Flamingo Road and Koval Lane in Las Vegas, Nevada. He was taken to University Medical Center of Southern Nevada, by Suge Knight; he died of his injuries six days later.
Video Tupac Shakur
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Shakur was born on June 16, 1971, becoming an African-American family in Eastern part of Harlem Manhattan in New York City. His birth name is Lesane Parish Crooks. The following year, he was renamed TÃÆ'ºpac Amaru II, an 18th-century Peruvian revolutionary who was executed after leading an indigenous uprising against the Spanish government.
Her parents, Afeni Shakur (born Alice Faye Williams in North Carolina) and Billy Garland, were active members of the Black Panther Party in New York in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Lesane was born a month after his mother was released from over 150 counts of "Conspiracy against the United States government and New York landmarks" in the New York Panther 21 trial.
Many people in Shakur's life were involved with the Black Liberation Army; some people were convicted of serious criminal offenses and imprisoned, including his mother. His godfather, Elmer "Geronimo" Pratt, an upmarket Black Panther, was convicted of killing a schoolteacher during a 1968 robbery, even though his sentence was later canceled. His stepfather, Mutulu Shakur, spent four years on the FBI's list of Ten Most Wanted People, beginning in 1982. Mutulu was wanted for helping his friend (no relation) Assata Shakur (also known as Joanne Chesimard), godmother Tupac, to escape from prison in New Jersey in 1979. He has been imprisoned since 1977 for killing a state policeman in 1973. He lived as a fugitive for several years before getting asylum in Cuba in 1985. Mutulu was arrested in 1986 and eventually convicted and sentenced to jail for the 1981 robbery of a Brinks armored truck, where two police officers and a guard were killed.
Shakur has an older half-brother, Mopreme "Komani" Shakur, and half-brother, Sekyiwa, two years younger than him. Mopreme appeared on many of his recordings.
In 1986, the family moved from New York to Baltimore, Maryland. After finishing second year at Paul Laurence Dunbar High School, Shakur moved to Baltimore Art School. There he studied acting, poetry, jazz, and ballet. She appeared in Shakespeare playing and in the role of King Mouse on ballet The Nutcracker. Shakur, accompanied by one of his friends, Dana "Mouse" Smith, as his beatbox, won many rap competitions and was regarded as the best rapper in his school. She is remembered as one of the most popular children in her school because of her sense of humor, superior rap skills, and the ability to get along with everyone.
Shakur developed a close friendship with Jada Pinkett (later Jada Pinkett Smith) who survived until his death. In the Tupac documentary: Awakening, Shakur said, "Jada is my heart, he will be my friend for the rest of my life." Pinkett Smith calls him "one of my best friends, he's like a brother, that's out of our friendship, the kind of relationship we have, you only get it once in a lifetime." A poem written by Shakur entitled "Jada" appears in his book, The Rose That Grew from Concrete, which also includes a poem dedicated to Pinkett Smith entitled "The Tears in Cupid's Eyes."
During his time at art school, Shakur became affiliated with the Communist Youth League of Baltimore USA. He began dating the daughter of the local chapter director of the US Communist Party.
Moving to California
In 1988, Shakur and his family moved from Baltimore to Marin City, California, a small suburban community located 5 miles (8 km) north of San Francisco. She attended Tamalpais High School near Mill Valley. Shakur contributed to the school's drama department by performing in several productions. In the English class, Shakur writes a paper, "Conquering All Obstacles," where he says:
"Our raps, not misleading stories, everyone is so tired, they're about what's happening in the real world, our goal is people relating to our rap, making it easier to see what's really going on out there. , what can we do to improve our world. "
He began attending Leila Steinberg's poetry class in 1989. That same year, Steinberg held a concert with the Shakur group, "Strictly Dope"; the concert caused him to be signed by Atron Gregory. He set it up as a roadie and backup dancer with Digital Underground hip hop group in 1990.
Maps Tupac Shakur
Careers
1987-93: Beginning and rising to fame
Before using his first name as his rap name, Shakur went by the name of the New York MC alias when he started his career in Baltimore. Although Shakur began recording in 1987, his professional entertainment career did not take off until the early 1990s when he debuted on the Digital Underground "Same Song" from the 1991 Nothing but Trouble soundtrack, groups in the movie. The song was later released as the main song of Digital Underground Extended Play (EP). This is the EP Release, a follow-up to their debut hit album Sex Package . Shakur appeared in the accompanying music video. After his rap debut, he performed with Digital Underground again on Sons of the P album. Shakur went on to feature Shock G and Money-B from Digital Underground in his song "I Get Around", which ranks # 11 on the US Billboard Hot 100.
In November 1991, Shakur released his debut solo album, 2Pacalypse Now . Although this album did not produce a hit single, 2Pacalypse Now has been recognized by many critics and fans for its underground feelings, with many rappers such as Nas, Eminem, Game, and Talib Kweli have shown it as inspiration. Although the album was originally released on Interscope Records, the rights to distribution are now owned by Amaru Entertainment, a label owned by Shakur's mother. The album name is a reference to the 1979 Apocalypse Now movie.
2Pacalypse Now causes significant controversy for a variety of reasons. The songs "Trapped" and "Brenda's Got a Baby" are widely noted for their poetic quality but also offer a strong critique of unfair social policy. And Quayle criticized the album after a Texas defense lawyer claimed he was affected by 2Pacalypse Now and the theme of police brutality before shooting a state policeman. Quayle said, "There's no reason for a recording like this to be released, that's no place in our society." Shakur states that he feels he has misunderstood. He said, "I started saying that I lost for a young black man, you know, and that would be my thang," Shakur said. "I just want to rap about things that affect black young men.When I say that, I do not know that I will tie myself to take all blunt and punch for all young black men, to be a medium kicking post for a young black man I've just imagined since I lived that life, I can do that, I can rap about it. "The record is important in presenting Shakur's political beliefs and his focus on lyrical prowess. In the MTV Rappers of All Time list, 2Pacalypse Now is listed as one of Shakur's "classically certified" albums, along with Me Against the World , All Eyez on Me and The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory . 2Pacalypse Now continues to earn Gold certified by RIAA. It featured three singles: "Brenda's Got a Baby", "Trapped", and "If My Homie Calls".
The second studio album, Strictly 4 My NIGGAZ.. , was released in February 1993. The album is indeed better than its predecessor both critically and commercially, debuting at number 24 on Billboards 200. The album contains many songs that emphasize Shakur's political and social views, and there are striking differences in the production of his first venture. While 2Pacalypse Now has an indie-oriented rap, Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z... is generally considered Shakur's "breakout" album. It spawned hits "Keep Ya Head Up" and "I Get Around" and achieved platinum status. On vinyl, Side A (track 1-8) is labeled "Black Side" and Side B (track 9-16) the "Dark Side". This is Shakur's tenth biggest selling album, with 1,366,000 units moved in 2004.
<1993 span id = "1993.E2.80.9395: _Acting_and_rise_to_prominence"> 1993-1995: Act and rise to prominence
In late 1993, Shakur formed the Thug Life group with a number of his friends, including Big Syke (Tyruss Himes), Macadoshis (Diron Rivers), his half-brother Mopreme Shakur, and R Rated (Walter Burns). The group released their only album Thug Life: Volume 1 on September 26, 1994, which became gold. The album featured the single "Pour Out a Little Liquor", produced by Johnny "J" Jackson, who later produced most of Shakur's albums All Eyez on Me. The group usually performs their concerts without Shakur. The album was originally released by Shakur Out label Da Gutta Records, though Amaru Entertainment has earned the right to it. Among the important songs are "Bury Me a G", "Cradle to the Grave", "Pour Out a Little Liquor" (which also appeared on the 1994 movie's soundtrack Above the Rim), " How Long Will They Wail Me? "And" Str8 Ballin '". As a result of criticism of the gangsta rap at the time, the original version of the album was removed and re-recorded with many original songs being cut. The album contains ten songs because Interscope Records feels many other recording songs are too controversial to be released. Although the original version of the album is not finished yet, Shakur made the first single planned from the album, "Out on Bail" at the 1994 Source Awards. Thug Life: Volume 1 is Gold certified. The song "How Long Will They Wail Me?" then appeared on the posthumous album Greatest Hits 2Pac.
Shakur's third album, Me Against The World , was released in March 1995 and was very well received, with many calling it a magnum opus in his career. It is considered one of the biggest and most influential hip-hop albums of all time. This is the fourth best-selling album Shakur with 3,524,567 copies sold in the US in 2011. Me Against the World won the best rap album at the 1996 Soul Train Music Awards.
"Dear Mama" was released as the album's first single in February 1995, along with the song "Old School" as a B-side. It will be the most successful single album, topping the Hot Rap Singles chart and peaking at the ninth spot on Billboard Hot 100. The single gained platinum in July 1995, and then placed at # 51 on the year-end charts. The second single, "So Many Tears", was released in June, four months after the first single. The single will reach number six on the Hot Rap Singles chart, and number 44 on Billboard Hot 100. "Temptations", released in August, is the third and final single from the album; it will be the most successful of the three released, but still quite successful on the charts, reaching number 68 on Billboard Hot 100, number 35 on Hot R & amp; B/Hip-Hop Singles & amp; Tracks, and number 13 on the Hot Rap Singles charts.
1995-96: Final recording
All Eyez on Me is the fourth studio album by 2Pac, recorded in October 1995 and released on February 13, 1996, by Death Row Records and Interscope Records. The album is often recognized as one of the rap music peak achievements of the 1990s. Steve Huey from AllMusic stated that "although there are some indisputable fillers, this is the best production that 2Pac ever had on record". It was certified 5ÃÆ'â € "platinum after just two months in April 1996 and 9ÃÆ'â €" platinum in 1998. The album featured Billboard Hot 100 number one single "How Do U Want It" and "California Love ". It featured five singles in all, most of every 2Pac album. In addition, AllEyez on Me (which is the only release of Death Row distributed via PolyGram through Island Records) made history as the first double-full-length hip-hop studio album released for mass consumption. It was issued on two compact discs and four LPs. Chartwise All Eyez on Me is the second album from 2Pac to reach number one on both Billboard 200 and Top R & amp; B/Hip-Hop. It sold 566,000 copies in its first week of release and charted over 100 for Soundscan sales for a week since 1991. In late 1996, the album sold 5 million copies. This album won the Soul Train Album R & amp; B/Soul or Rap Award of the Year 1997. Shakur also won the Award for Favorite Rap/Hip-Hop Artist at the 24th Annual American Music Awards.
Makaveli - The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory , commonly shortened to The 7 Day Theory , is Shakur's fifth and final studio album and released under Makaveli's new stage name. The album was completely finished in a total of seven days during August 1996. The lyrics were written and recorded in three days and mixing took an additional four days. In 2005, MTV.com ranked The 7 Day Theory at # 9 on their biggest hip hop album of all time lists and, in 2006, recognized it as a classic. The emotions and anger displayed on the album have been admired by most hip hop communities. George "Papa G" Pryce, former Head of Publicity for Death Row, claims that " Makaveli , what we do is sort of tongue-in-cheek and it's not really out and after Tupac is killed, but before that it will become some kind of underground record. "The album peaked at number one on Billboards Album Top R & amp; B/Hip-Hop and Billboard 200. The album produced the highest-selling second-week debut of any album that year. It was certified 4ÃÆ'â € "Platinum on June 15, 1999.
Other businesses
Death Line Record
In October 1995, Shakur was released from prison after serving nine months of punishment for sexual assault and forming a new group called Outlaw Immortalz. Shakur joined the label Death Row, where he released the single "California Love".
On February 13, 1996, Shakur released his fourth solo album, All Eyez on Me . This double album is the first and second of her three album commitments to Death Row Records. It sold over nine million copies. It is a common departure from the introspective subject of Me Against the World, more oriented to the mentality of thugs and gangsta. Shakur resumed his recording despite an increasing problem on the Death Row label. Dr Dre left his post as an in-house producer to form his own label, Aftermath. Shakur continues to produce hundreds of songs during his time in Death Row, most of which will be released on his anum album Still I Rise , Until End of Time , Better Dayz , Devoted to the Game and Pac's Life . He also started the recording of the album, One Nation, with New York-based Clik Boot Camp and their label Duck Down Records.
On June 4, 1996, she and Outlawz released the song "Hit 'Em Up", a spicy lyrical attack on The Notorious B.I.G. and others associated with it. On the track, Shakur confessed to having sex with Faith Evans, Wallace's wife, a former friend of Shakur and his rival, and attacked the credibility of the Bad Boy street. Shakur is convinced that some members associated with Bad Boy know about the 1994 attack against him because of their behavior that night and the information provided to him. According to a 2005 interview with Jimmy Henchman, in Vibe magazine, after the attack, Shakur immediately accused Henchman, a fellow of CEO of Bad Boy Sean Combs, masterminded the attack. Shakur, therefore, aligned himself with Suge, CEO of Death Row, who was bitter against Combs over the 1995 incident at Platinum Club in Atlanta, Georgia, culminating in the death of Jake Robles, friend and bodyguard of Suge Knight; Knight insisted in voicing his suspicions about Combs' involvement. In the years after their assassination, colleagues from Shakur and The Notorious B.I.G. making comments that show the couple, if not for their death, will make peace.
Buckshot collaborators claim in 2015 that Shakur defended him against Suge Knight, who insisted that the East Coast rapper could not come with him to Las Vegas on the grounds of ongoing hip hop competition. Shakur insisted that he would not board the plane unless accompanied by Buckshot and described by his rapper as "uncomfortable" when they recorded a song together in a studio after Shakur "tore up plane tickets".
During the August 15, 1996, appearance at the Brotherhood Crusade Rally, featuring several artists discussing the importance of voting, Shakur compared Death Row's record sales to voters in the US and the influence he and other artists have over the devoted fans.
Outlawz
When Shakur recorded "Hit 'Em Up", a song he disliked against Biggie, he recruited three members from the previous group, Dramacydal, who had worked with him before and was anxious to do it again. Shakur, with three New Jersey rappers and other partners, formed the original Outlawz lineup. When 2Pac signed a contract with Death Row after he was released from prison, he recruited the half-brother of Mopreme Shakur and Big Syke from Thug Life. Hussein Fatal, Napoleon, E.D.I. Means, Kastro, Yaki Kadafi, and Storm (the only female Outlaw) were also added, and together they form the original lineup of Outlaw Immortalz who debuted on 2Pac's Multi-Platinum smash All Eyez on Me . They then dropped the Immortal part of their name after the sudden death of 2Pac and Yaki Kadafi and moved as Outlawz without Thug Life members. Noble Muda was later added and appeared in the second release of Death Row 2Pac The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory . It was on the 2Pac Makaveli album that Outlawz first came to the notice of a larger rap community, appearing on some songs. The idea behind the group is that every member has a rap name that coincides with the names of tyrants or enemies of America, past, and now. Outlawz chose in the coming years to backronym the letters of their group name Operation Under Thug Laws as Warriorz even though it does not match the name of the group and is rarely used.
When forming Outlawz, Shakur gave each of them the name of a dictator/military leader or an American enemy.
- Yaki Kadafi, after Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi
- Hussein Fatal, after Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein
- Mussolini (formerly called Big Syke), after the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini
- Komani (Shakur's half-brother, Mopreme Shakur), after Iran's Islamic Revolutionary leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini
- Kastro, after Cuban leader Fidel Castro
- E.D.I. Means, after Ugandan dictator Idi Amin
- Napoleon, after the French military strategist and leader of Napoleon Bonaparte
For himself, Shakur created the alias "Makaveli" of the Roman Renaissance philosopher and political theorist NiccolÃÆ'Â Machiavelli, whose writings inspired Shakur in prison, but who also preached that a leader can eliminate his enemies in every necessary way. He mentioned Makaveli Records several times before his death. This should be a music label for a rising artist that Shakur is interested in developing or potentially signing, and his own future project will also be published through it.
Acting career
In addition to his efforts in the music industry, Shakur is acting in the film. She made her first film appearance on Nothing but Trouble (1991), as part of a cameo by Digital Underground. His first major role was in the 1992 film Juice . He plays Roland Bishop, a hard member of the Destroying Crew, whom he is hailed by Peter Travers as "the most magnetic figure of this film". He then went on to star in Poetic Justice (1993) against Janet Jackson and basketball drama Above the Rim (1994). After his death, three more complete films featuring Shakur were released: Bullet (1996), Gridlock'd (1997), and Related Ganges 1997).
Shakur has been scheduled to star in the 1993 Hughes brothers movie Menace II Society but was replaced by Larenz Tate after attacking Allen Hughes as a result of the fight. Shakur is reportedly wanting another type of role, but Hughes will not suit his wishes, which led to a quarrel between couples who, according to Tyrin Turner, also lead members of Shakur's troupe to be physically aggressive towards Hughes. In 2013, Hughes said Shakur would surpass other actors when he was in the movie, "because he's bigger than the movie." Hughes comments are seen as validation that he has forgiven the rapper since the incident. Larenz Tate, who had some practice with Shakur before his part was overhauled, remembering Shakur was close to the Hughes brothers, but that his actions were the result of "creative differences".
Director John Singleton mentioned that he wrote the script for his movie Baby Boy with Shakur in mind for the lead role. It was eventually filmed with Tyrese Gibson in place and released in 2001, five years after Shakur's death. The film features a Shakur mural in the protagonist's bedroom, as well as featuring the song "Hail Mary" in the movie score.
Arts
Shakur's music and philosophy is rooted in many American, African-American, and world entities, including the Black Panther Party, black nationalism, egalitarianism, and freedom. Shakur's love of theater and Shakespeare also affected his work. A student of the Baltimore Arts School where he studied theater, Shakur understands Shakespeare's psychology of inter-gang war and inter-cultural conflict.
During the 1995 interview, Shakur said:
[...] I love Shakespeare. He wrote some of the rudest stories, man. I mean, look at Romeo and Juliet. That's serious ghetto shit. You get this guy Romeo from Bloods who fall in love with Juliet, a woman from Crips, and everyone in both gangs is against them. So they have to sneak out and they end up dying in vain. The tragic things. And see how Shakespeare destroyed it with Macbeth. He created the story of this king's wife who convinced a man who was happy to pursue him and kill her husband so that he could take over the country. After he committed the murder, the dude started to experience delusions as in the Scarface song. I mean the wife of the king just messed up this whole person's life for nothing [...].
In an interview in Spain, American music journalist Chuck Philips said that what impressed him most about Shakur was that he was a poet. Philip said, "I love sacred texts, myths, proverbs, and scriptures. [...] When Tupac comes, I think he's quite a poet [...] Not just how smart they are rhyming. or rhythm. I like their attitude. It was a protest music in a way that no one had ever thought before. [...] These artists are courageous, wise and intelligent - very clever. Tupac has many sides.. He is not afraid to write about his vulnerability. "
Shakur's debut album, 2Pacalypse Now (1991), reveals his social consciousness. In this album, Shakur attacks social injustice, poverty, and police brutality in "Brenda's Got a Baby", "Trapped", and "Part Time Mutha". In this early release, Shakur helped expand the success of rap groups such as Boogie Down Productions, Public Enemy, X-Clan, and Grandmaster Flash, as he became one of the first conscious social rappers from the West Coast.
In his second recording, Shakur continues to praise about the social ills facing African Americans, with songs such as "The Streetz R Deathrow" and "Last Wordz". She also shows her compassionate side with the song "Keep Ya Head Up", while simultaneously placing her legendary aggressiveness on the screen with the title track from the album Strictly 4 My NIGGAZ.. She added salute to her former group Digital Underground by putting them into a fun track "I Get Around". Throughout his career, Shakur showed an increasingly aggressive stance on his next album.
The contradictory themes of social inequality and injustice, uncontrolled aggression, compassion, playfulness, and hope all continue to form Shakur's work, as expressed in his disgusting 1995 album Me Against the World . In 1996, Shakur released All Eyez on Me , and many of the tracks were considered by critics to be classics, including "Ambitionz Az a Ridah", "I'm Not Crazy on Cha", "California Love", "Life Goes On" and "Picture Me Rollin". Shakur describes All Eyez on Me as a celebration of life, and the album was critically and commercially successful.
Influences
Shakur has enjoyed and has been influenced by the work of contemporary British and Irish pop musicians as teenagers like Kate Bush, Culture Club, Sinà ©  ad O'Connor, and U2. His style on 2Pacalypse Now was strongly influenced by social awareness and Afrocentrism which included hip-hop in the late 1980s and early 1990s. All Eyez on Me is a change of style from his previous works; while still containing socially conscious songs and themes, the album is heavily influenced by party songs and tends to have a "better" vibration than previous albums.
Personal life
Shakur never claimed to follow a particular religion, but the lyrics were in singles such as "Ghetto Gospel" and "Only God Can Judge Me" and poems like The Rose That Grew from Concrete to God. Many analysts today describe him as a deist. He believed in Karma but rejected the eternal life of literal and organized religion.
Shakur has several family members who are members of the Black Panthers: Mutulu Shakur, his stepfather; Assata Shakur, step aunt; Billy Garland, his real father; and Afeni Shakur, his mother. Shakur openly spoke out against racial marriage in an interview with 1994 Source magazine, but later retracted these comments.
Bandanas tied to rabbit ears are considered by British author Rob Marriott as one of the best known hip-hop style choices.
Shakur befriends boxers Mike Tyson, Chuck D, Marlon Wayans, Jim Carrey, and Rosie Perez. He befriended fellow rapper Snoop Dogg and Freddie Foxxx, collaborated on a song with a couple and wrote to Foxxx while in jail.
She married Keisha Morris-Shakur; the marriage officially ended in March 1996.
His father, Billy Garland, said Shakur's anger grew out of his frustration at being misunderstood. He especially reacts when people question his commitment to the black community and the West Coast.
According to his bodyguard and friend, Frank Alexander, Shakur's favorite color is green. She was wearing a green tank top on the night of her death.
Shakur lives with Kidada Jones, his fiancee, Quincy Jones's daughter and actress Peggy Lipton, for several months until her death. Jones was waiting for Shakur in their Las Vegas hotel room when he was told he was shot. She rushed to the hospital and remained with her until she died of her injuries six days later.
Legal issues
In October 1991, Shakur filed a $ 10 million civil suit to the Oakland Police Department, alleging that the police brutally beat him for jaywalking. Shakur receives about $ 43,000 in settlement money, many of which go to pay his lawyers.
On August 22, 1992, at Marin City, Shakur performed at an outdoor festival and stayed for an hour after signing photos and pictures. The confrontation took place and Shakur pulled the legally registered Colt Mustang, and allegedly dropped it. When picked up by one of his entourage members, a bullet is released. About 100 meters (90 m) away, Qa'id Walker-Teal, a 6-year-old boy, was riding his bike in a nearby school playground when he was shot dead by a bullet in the forehead, killing him. Although the police matched the bullet with a.38-caliber pistol enrolled in Shakur, and although his half-brother, Maurice Harding, was initially arrested on suspicion of firing weapons, no charges were filed. The Marin County prosecutor said they were hindered by a lack of witnesses. In 1995, the wrong demands of death were filed against Shakur by Qa'id's mother. Defense lawyers acknowledge that the bullets that killed Qa'id were tracked by the authorities to the gun listed in Shakur. The lawsuit was dropped when Shakur agreed to pay $ 300,000- $ 500,000 to his parents.
On 5 April 1993, Shakur was charged with one count of felonious attacks. He is accused of trying to beat rapper Chauncey Wynn from group M.A.D. with a baseball bat at a concert at Michigan State University. This incident was reportedly started when Shakur became angry and threw a microphone. Shakur pleaded guilty on September 14, 1994, to minor crimes in exchange for dismissal for alleged criminal attacks. He was sentenced to 30 days in prison, 20 of whom were suspended, and ordered to perform 35 hours of community service.
In October 1993, in Atlanta, two unemployed brothers and police officers, Mark and Scott Whitwell, and their wives celebrated Mrs Whitwell's state inspector examinations. The officers were drunk and had stolen weapons. As they cross the street, a car with Shakur inside passes them or "almost attacks them". The Whitwells argued with the driver, Shakur, and the other passengers, who joined the car through the second. Shakur shot an officer in the ass and the other on his legs, back, or stomach, according to news reports. Mark Whitwell was accused of shooting in Shakur's car and then lying to the police during the investigation. Shakur is accused of shooting. The prosecutor drops all charges against the parties.
In early 1994, Shakur was found guilty of attacking Allen Hughes, deputy director of the Menace II Society; he spent 15 days in jail. The year before, Shakur boasted during his performance at Yo! MTV Raps that he had "hit the director of the Menace II Guild", the line was then used against him in court.
Rape belief
In November 1993, Shakur and others were accused of sexually assaulting a woman in a hotel room. Shakur denied the allegations. According to Shakur, he had a previous relationship a few days earlier with a consensual woman (the woman admitted she had oral sex on Shakur). The rapporteur claimed a sexual assault after his second visit to Shakur's hotel room; he alleged that Shakur and his entourage raped her. In the trial, Shakur was convicted of first-degree sexual harassment, and released from weapons and sodomy charges. The judge described the crime during Shakur's sentence of up to 1½½ years in prison, as "a brutal act of violence against a helpless woman." While performing at the The Arsenio Hall Show , Shakur said he was innocent of all charges and he was injured that "a woman will accuse me of taking something from her", when she was brought up and surrounded by women.
In October 1995, the Shakur attack case was being appealed. Because of his considerable legal costs, he was unable to collect $ 1.4 million bail. After serving his nine-month sentence, Shakur was released from the Clinton Correctional Facility on October 12, 1995. Suge Knight, CEO of Death Row Records, has posted $ 1.4 million bail, awaiting Shakur's call for confidence, instead of Shakur releasing three albums under Death Row. On April 5, 1996, a judge sentenced Shakur to serve 120 days in jail for violating the terms of his release on bail.
Attacking at Quad Recording Studios
On the night of November 30, 1994, the day before the verdict in the trial of his sexual harassment was announced, Shakur was robbed and shot five times by three people in the Quad Recording Studios lobby in Manhattan. Shakur said that he believed the robbery was just a setting for the attack, wondering why they would take the jewelry and leave his Rolex watch. Three hours after surgery for his wound, Shakur checks Bellevue Hospital Center against the doctor's orders. The next day, he entered the courthouse in a wheelchair in court verdicts for his sexual harassment hearing. He was found guilty of three counts of persecution and found not guilty of six other charges, including sodomy, stemming from his arrest in 1993.
In a 1995 interview with Vibe magazine, Shakur accused Sean Combs, Jimmy Henchman, and Biggie, among others, preparing a Quad Recording Studios attack. Vibe changed the names of attackers accused after publication. Further evidence does not involve Biggie in studio attacks. When Biggie's entourage came down to check on the incident, Shakur was taken out with a stretcher, giving his finger to the people around him.
On March 17, 2008, Chuck Philips wrote in Los Angeles Times about alleged orders to attack Shakur. The article was withdrawn by the LA Times because it relies partly on FBI documents, known to have been forged; they have been supplied by a man who is proven to commit fraud. In 2011, Dexter Isaac claimed to have attacked Shakur on the orders of Henchman. After Isaac's public recognition, Philips named Isaac an unnamed source for the retracted article.
Prison sentence
Shakur began serving a prison sentence for alleged sexual assault at the Clinton Correctional Facility on February 14, 1995. Shortly after, he released his Multi-Platinum album Me Against the World. Shakur became the first artist to have an album at number one on Billboard 200 while serving a prison term. Me Against the World debuted on Billboard 200 and topped the charts for four weeks. The album sold 240,000 copies in its first week, setting the highest first week sales record for solo rap solo singers at the time.
While serving his sentence, Shakur married his old girlfriend, Keisha Morris, on April 4, 1995; the couple divorced in 1996. Shakur states that he married her "for the wrong reasons". In an interview after being released, Shakur confessed to writing only one song during his sentence.
While imprisoned, Shakur became interested in philosophy, war philosophy, and military strategy by studying works such as The Prince by Italian philosopher NiccolÃÆ'Â Machiavelli and The Art of War by China. military strategist Sun Tzu. His works inspired his pseudonym "Makaveli", in which he released the album The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory . This album is in stark contrast with the previous works. Throughout the album, Shakur continues to focus on themes of pain and aggression, making this album one of the more emotionally darker works of his career.
While in prison, Shakur wrote to director Death Row Uncut Nina Bhadresher about his plans to start a "new chapter" in his life. According to Kevin Powell, who spoke to Shakur after he was released from prison, the perpetrators "looked like people who really changed." Powell remembered Shakur getting darker and more threatening, to the extent that Powell wondered if he'd really known her before.
Death
September 1996 Shootings
On the night of September 7, 1996, Shakur attended Bruce Seldon vs. Mike Tyson with Suge Knight at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas, Nevada. After leaving the game, one of Knight's colleagues saw Orlando "Baby Lane" Anderson, a suspected Crips gang member of Compton, California, in the lobby of the MGM Grand. Earlier that year, Anderson and a group of Crips had robbed members of the Death Row troupe at the Foot Locker store. Knight's colleagues told Shakur, who attacked Anderson, assisted by his entourage and Knight. The fight was caught on video surveillance of the hotel. After the fight, Shakur went with the Knight to Death Row 662 Club. Shakur drove the BMW 750iL black sedan in 1996 Knight as part of a larger convoy.
From 11:00 to 11:05 pm (PDT), they were stopped at Las Vegas Boulevard by Metro bike police to play car stereos too loud and did not have license plates. It was found in the trunk of Knight's car and the party was released without a ticket. At 11:15 pm (PDT), when they were at the stop lights, an old, four-door, white-style Cadillac with an unknown passenger pulled into the right side of Shakur's sedan. Somebody inside quickly fired a shot at Shakur. He was beaten four times, twice in the chest, once in the arm, and once on the thigh. One of the bullets went into Shakur's right lung. Knight is hit in the head by fragmentation. Shakur's bodyguard, Frank Alexander, was not in the vehicle; he says that Shakur has asked him to drive Shakur's girlfriend, Kidada Jones. Upon arriving at the scene, police and paramedics took the injured Knight and Shakur to the Southern Nevada University Medical Center. According to an interview with music video director Gobi, while at the hospital, Shakur received word from a Death Row marketing employee that the shooters had phoned the record company and threatened Shakur. Gobi told the Las Vegas police but said that the police claimed to be understaffed. No attackers are coming. At the hospital, Shakur is very anesthetized, placed on life support machines, and finally put into a barbiturate induced coma to keep him in bed. While in the intensive care unit, on the afternoon of September 13, 1996, Shakur died of internal bleeding. He was declared dead at 4: 03. (PDT). The official cause of death is recorded as respiratory failure and cardiopulmonary arrest in relation to multiple gunshot wounds.
Shakur's body was cremated the next day. Some of the ashes are said to have been mixed with marijuana and smoked by Outlawz members. However, E.D.I. Meaning is claimed in the 2014 interview that the ashes do not belong to Shakur.
The fifth album, The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory , was released two months later, along with many other posthumous albums.
Aftermath
In 2002, the Los Angeles Times published a two-part story by investigative reporter Chuck Philips, titled "Who Kills Tupac Shakur?", Based on a year-long study that reconstructed the crime and the events that led to it.. The information collected by the newspaper shows that: "The shooting was carried out by a Compton gang called the Southside Crips to avenge one of its members by Shakur a few hours before." Orlando Anderson, the Crip the Shakur has attacked, shot a fatal shot The Las Vegas Police discounted Anderson as suspect and interview him only once, briefly.He then died in the unrelated gang shooting. "The article also reported the involvement of East Coast rapper The Notorious BIG, Shakur's rival at the time, and some New York criminals.
Before they died, The Notorious B.I.G. and Anderson denied any role in the killing. To support their claims, the Biggie family generated a computerized invoice showing that he worked in a New York recording studio on the night of a drive-by photo shoot. His manager Wayne Barrow and fellow rapper Lil 'Cease (James Lloyd) made a public announcement denying Biggie's role in crime and claiming further that they were with him in the recording studio the night of the event. The New York Times is called "inconclusive" evidence, noting:
The pages contained three computer printouts from Daddy's House, showing that Wallace was in the studio recording a song called "Nasty Boy" in the afternoon Shakur was shot. They show that Wallace writes half a session , is In and out/sitting around and puts ref , an abbreviation for a vowel reference, equivalent to the first capture. But nothing shows when the document was created. And Louis Alfred, the recording engineer listed on the sheet, said in an interview that he recalls the song with Wallace in the late-night session, not in the daytime. He can not recall the date of the session but says it may not be Shakur's night shot. "We'll hear it," Mr. Alfred. "
In 2011, under the Freedom of Information Act, the FBI released a document revealing its investigation of the Jewish Defense League as it created a death threat against Shakur and other rapper.
Legacy
At the Mobb Deep concert after Shakur's death and the release of The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory, Cormega recalled in an interview that fans were shouting "Makaveli", and emphasized the influence of The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory and Shakur himself even in New York at the peak of the media dubbed "inter-rivalry".
Shakur was upheld by another MC: In the book How Rap , Bishop Lamont (Philip Martin) noted that Shakur "mastered every element, every aspect" of rap and Fredro Starr (Fred Scruggs) is a streamer. " "Every rapper who grew up in the nineties owed something to Tupac," wrote 50 Cent (Curtis Jackson). "She does not sound like the one who came before her." About.com, for their part, is the most influential Shakur rapper ever.
Chuck Philips wrote that "the massacre (Tupac Shakur) silenced one of the most impressive sounds of modern music - a ghetto poet whose stories of urban alienation appeal to young people of all races and backgrounds." Shakur, 25, has helped lift rap from rugged street fashion to complex art forms, setting the stage for today's global hip-hop phenomenon. "
To preserve Shakur's heritage, his mother founded the Shakur Family Foundation (later renamed Tupac Amaru Shakur Foundation or TASF) in 1997. The TASF mission stated it was to "provide training and support for students who aspire to improve their creative talents." TASF sponsors an essay contest, a charity event, a performance arts camp for teens and undergraduate scholarships. The foundation officially opened Tupac Amaru Tasra Art Center (TASCA) in Stone Mountain, Georgia, on June 11, 2005. On November 14, 2003, a documentary about Shakur titled Tupac: Resurrection was released under his mother's supervision and told all in his voice. It was nominated for Best Documentary at the 2005 Academy Awards. The results will be submitted to a charity founded by Shakur's mother, Afeni. On April 17, 2003, Harvard University sponsored an academic symposium entitled "All Eyez on Me: Tupac Shakur and Searching for Heroes of the Modern People". The speakers discussed various topics related to the impact of Shakur on everything from entertainment to sociology.
Many speakers discussed Shakur's status and public persona, including the State University of New York at the Buffalo English professor Mark Anthony Neal who gave the lecture "Thug Intellectual Nga: Tupac as a Gramscian Celebrity" in which he argues that Shakur is an example of "organic intellectuals" expressed group concern the greater one. Professor Neal also pointed out in his writings that Shakur's death has left "a leadership vacuum among hip-hop artists." Neal further describes it as a "walking contradiction", a status that allows him "to make an intellectual accessible to ordinary people."
Professor of Communications Murray Forman, from Northeastern University, talks about the status of myths about Shakur's life and death. He speaks of the symbolism and mythology that surrounds Shakur's death in his lecture entitled "Tupac Shakur: O.G. (Updated)". Among his findings is that Shakur fans have "managed to resurrect Tupac as a subtle life force." In "From Thug Life to Legend: The Realization of Heroes of Black People", Professor of Music at Northeastern University, Emmett Price, compares Shakur's public image with deceitful figures from African-American folklore that gave rise to "bad-" urban man "persona period post-slavery.He finally describes Shakur as a "productive artist" who is "driven by a terrible sense of urgency" in an effort to "unite mind, body, and spirit".
In Holler If You Hear Me: Looking for Tupac Shakur , Michael Eric Dyson points out that Shakur "speaks with intelligence and insight as someone who witnesses the suffering of people who will never have the platform. truth, even as he struggles with his identity fragment. "At one of the Harvard Conferences, the theme was Shakur's impact on entertainment, race, political, and" hero/martyrdom. "In late 1997, the University of California, Berkeley offered a student-led course titled" History 98: Poetry and History of Tupac Shakur. "
In late 2003, Jadiveled Clothing line was launched by Afeni. In 2005, Death Row released Tupac: Live at House of Blues . The DVD is the latest recording of Shakur's career, which took place on July 4, 1996, and featured a large number of Death Row artists. In August 2006, Tupac Shakur Legacy was released. Interactive biography written by Jamal Joseph. It features invisible family photos, intimate stories, and more than 20 reproductions released from song lyrics, contracts, scripts, poems, and other handwritten papers. Sixth studio album Shakur, Pac's Life , was released on November 21, 2006. It commemorates the 10th anniversary of Shakur's death. He is still considered one of the most popular artists in the music industry in 2006.
According to Forbes , in 2008, Shakur property generated $ 15 million. In 2002, they recognized it as "Top-Earning Dead Celebrity", entered the number ten on their list.
BET named 2Pac 'The Most Influential Rappers of All Time'. They then went on to say, "this confusing mixture of guys, thugs, revolutionaries, and poets altered our view of what the rapper should look like and acted that way.In 50 Cent, Ja Rule, Lil Wayne, newcomers like Freddie Gibbs and even his rival Biggie, it's easy to see that Pac is the most copied MC of all time, there's a mural that describes the similarities in New York, Brazil, Sierra Leone, Bulgaria, and many other places, even having a statue in Atlanta and Germany.Simple enough, no other rapper has caught the world's attention as Tupac does and still does. "
On April 15, 2012, a "hologram" from Shakur (technically a 2-D video projection) featured his songs "Hail Mary" and "2 of Americaz Most Wanted" with Snoop Dogg at the Coachella Music Festival. The effect is made using an optical illusion called the Pepper ghost. The video recording was made by the Digital Domain visual effects company. The Wall Street Journal reported Dr. Dre and Snoop Dogg are in talks about a possible tour involving two rappers and a projection version of Shakur, which Dr. Dre. The 1998 album Tupac Greatest Hits returned to Billboard 200 the following week for the first time since 2000, reaching number 129 with 4,000 copies sold according to Nielsen SoundScan (a 571% profit from the previous week). Other MC albums also saw gains, including All Eyez On Me (2,000, up 95%) and Me Against the World (1,000; up 53%). His single also experienced an increase in sales. His biggest seller of the week was "Hail Mary" - the song he predicted opened at Coachella. The second largest seller is No. 1 Billboard Hot 100 hit "California Love" (featuring Dr. Dre and Roger Troutman), shifting 11,000 downloads (119% increase). The third best seller is the second Tupac song performed in Coachella - "2 of Amerikaz Most Wanted" (with Snoop). It sold 9,000 (up 881%).
Holler If Yes Hear Me (2014), is a Broadway game based on Tupac lyrics. Production lasted 6 weeks before being folded for being one of Broadway's most popular musicals in recent years. Announced in January 2015 the following month will see an exhibition dedicated to Shakur opened at the Grammy Museum. Executive director Robert Santelli praised Shakur as "one of the most original and important hip hop artists", adding that his writing is "powerful and provocative". During a panel for the exhibition, attended by his mother Afeni, cousin and various members of her extended family, rapper YG said she was inspired by Shakur to return to school and that Shakur is like a "father figure" for some people.
Biopic
Demetrius Shipp Jr. playing Shakur in the All Eyez on Me biopic, which started filming in Atlanta in December 2015. Music video director Benny Boom leads AllEyez on Me, which has been paralyzed by production problems. With distribution from Morgan Creek Productions, the film has been developed since 2013, with producers Randall Emmett and George Furla suing Morgan Creek for $ 10 million, claiming breach of contract after production company allegedly choosing a lead, and setting up a production budget and schedule without their consent. Morgan Creek also sued Afeni Shakur for the music rights for the film. Several directors were involved with the film before Boom, including John Singleton and Antoine Fuqua. The film was released on June 16, 2017, which will be Shakur's 46th birthday. It received negative reviews.
Awards and honors
In 2003, the MTV "22 Greatest MCs" countdown included Shakur as "Number 1 MC", which was selected by the audience. In 2004, Shakur's VH1 Hip Hop Honors Honored with DJ Hollywood, Kool DJ Herc, KRS-One, Public Enemy, Run-D.M.C., Rock Steady Crew, and Sugarhill Gang. The Vibe magazine's poll in 2004 rated Shakur the "greatest rapper of all time" chosen by fans. Editor of About.com rated it No. 5 on their list Top 50 MC of Our Time (1987-2007) . In 2012, The Source placed it ranked 5th in the list of 50 best hip-hop lyrics author of all time. In a 2005 Ballot Rolling Stone voting, Shakur is named No. 86 of "100 Immortal Artists of All Time" behind Elvis Presley, Michael Jackson, and John Lennon. MTV placed it in position 2 on their list of The Greatest MCs of All Time . Shakur was named the Hip-Hop Hall of Fame in 2002. VH1 rated him 69th in the VH1 100 Greatest Artists of All-Time. In Turkey First Annual & amp; The Caicos International Film Festival was held on Tuesday, October 17, 2006, Shakur was respected for his undeniable voice and talent and as a player crossing racial, ethnic, cultural and intermediate lines; her mother received the award on her behalf.
In 2008, the National Association of Recording Merchandisers along with the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame recognized him as a very influential artist and has added it to their Definitive 200 list.
On June 23, 2010, Shakur was inducted into the National Recording Recording Library. The Catholic Church seats released a list of 12 songs to the music streaming service of social networking websites. Among the artists included are Mozart, Muse, and Dame Shirley Bassey; The list also includes the song Shakur "Changes", which was released two years after the death of his filming on the biggest hits album in 1998.
Her double album, All Eyez on Me, is one of the best-selling rap albums of all time, with over 5 million album copies sold in the United States alone in April 1996; eventually certified 9x platinum in June 1998 by the RIAA. In July 2014 it was certified 10x platinum.
The hit song Shakur "Dear Mama" is one of 25 songs added to the National Recording Registry in 2010. The Library of Congress has called Dear Mama "a moving and eloquent tribute to both rapper mothers who killed themselves and all mothers fighting for keeping the family in the face of addiction, poverty, and public indifference. "The honor comes seven days after Shakur's 39th birthday. Shakur is the third rapper to enter the library, outside the copyright office, behind Grandmaster Flash and Public Enemy.
In 2016, Shakur was nominated for entry into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in its first year of eligibility, when on December 20, 2016, it was announced that he and 5 others would be inducted into the Hall on April 7, 2017. At the ceremony, Shakur was sworn in by his friend and fellow hip hop artist Snoop Dogg, who shared some stories about their time together and about the time Shakur spent in the hospital before his death.
Discography
Studio album
- 2Pacalypse Now (1991)
- Strict 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z... (1993)
- Me Against the World (1995)
- All Eyez on Me (1996)
- The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory (1996) (like Makaveli)
Posthumous studio albums
- R U Still Going Down? (Remember Me) (1997)
- Until End of Time (2001)
- Better Dayz (2002)
- Devoted to the Game (2004)
- Pac's Life (2006)
Collaboration album
- Thug Life: Volume 1 (with Thug Life) (1994)
Posthumous collaboration album
- Still I Awake (with Outlawz) (1999)
Moviesography
Biographical depictions in movies
Documentary
Shakur's life has been explored in several documentary films, each trying to capture many different events during his brief life span, especially nominated by the Academy Award Tupac: Resurrection, released in 2003.
Also see
- List of best-selling music artists
- List of best-selling music artists in the United States
- List of album number one (United States)
- List of hit number one (United States)
- List of awards and nominations received by Tupac Shakur
- List of artists reaching number one in the United States
Reference
Further reading
- Bastfield, Darrin Keith (2002). Back in Day: My Life and Time with Tupac Shakur . Da Capo Press. ISBN: 978-0-345-44775-3. Ã,
- Hoye, Jacob (2006). Tupac: Awakening . Atria. ISBNÃ, 0-7434-7435-X.
External links
- Official website
- Tupac Amaru Shakur Foundation for Art
- "Expressing Myself, Muting Satan", interviewing Chuck Philips
- Tupac Shakur on IMDb
- Tupac Shakur in Find the Mausoleum
- FBI notes: Vault - Tupac Shakur at FBI.gov
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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