President of Ireland

src: i.ytimg.com

The Irish President (Irish: UachtarÃÆ'¡n na hÃÆ'â € ireann ) is the head of state of the Republic of Ireland and Commander in Chief of the Irish Defense Forces.

The President holds office for seven years, and may be elected for a maximum of two terms. Unless a candidate goes without a fight, the President is elected directly by the people. The presidency is largely a ceremonial office, but the President does exercise certain limited powers with absolute wisdom. The President acts as a representative of the Irish state and the guardian of the constitution. The official residence of the President is ÃÆ' ras an UachtarÃÆ'¡in in Phoenix Park, Dublin. This office was founded by the Irish Constitution in 1937, and became internationally acknowledged as head of state in 1949 after the entry into force of the Republic of Ireland Law.

The current president is Michael D. Higgins, elected on 29 October 2011. His appointment was held on 11 November 2011. President Higgins was a left-wing political veteran and veteran human rights warrior. As a member of the Labor Party, he has served in both houses Oireachtas . President Higgins is also a poet and speaks Irish fluently.

Video President of Ireland

Ordinary tasks and functions

The Irish Constitution provides a parliamentary system of government, in which the role of head of state is largely ceremonial. The President is officially one of the three parts of Oireachtas (national parliament), which also comprises DÃÆ'¡il ÃÆ' â € ° ireann (lower chamber) and Seanad ÃÆ'â € ireann (Senate or upper chamber).

Unlike many other parliamentary democracies, the President is not even a nominal chief executive. Instead, the executive authority is clearly assigned to the Government (cabinet). The government is obliged, however, to keep the President generally informed of domestic and foreign policy matters. Most of the functions of the President can be made only in accordance with strict instructions of the Constitution, or binding 'advice' of the government. However, the President has certain personal powers that can be exercised at his own discretion.

Constitution function

The main function is determined by the Constitution:

Pointing to the government

The President officially appoints Taoiseach (head of government) and other ministers, and accepts their resignation. Taoiseach was nominated for the nomination of DÃÆ'¡il, and the President was obliged to appoint anyone who DÃÆ'¡il had set without the right to refuse the appointment. The rest of the cabinet was appointed over the Taoiseach nomination and the consent of DÃÆ'¡il; as well as pointing to Taoiseach, the President must make an appointment without the right to appoint another person. Ministers dismissed on the advice of Taoiseach and Taoiseach should, unless there was a dissolution of DÃÆ'¡il, resigned after losing confidence from home.

Judging the judiciary

The President appoints a judge for all the Courts of the Republic of Ireland, on the advice of the Government.

Completing and disabling DÃÆ'¡il

This power is made on the advice of Taoiseach; government approval or DÃÆ'¡il is not required. The president can only dismiss the dissolution when Taoiseach has lost confidence from DÃÆ'¡il.

Signing the bill into law

The president can not veto the Dáil bill and Seanad has been adopted. However, he may refer to the Supreme Court to test his constitutionality. If the Supreme Court supports the bill, the President must sign it. However, if it is not constitutional, the President will refuse to give consent.

Represents the country in foreign affairs

This power is done only on the advice of the Government. The President accredited the ambassador and received foreign diplomatic credentials. The ministers signed an international agreement under the name of the President. This role was not exercised by the President before the Republic of Ireland Act of 1948

Supreme Commander of the Defense Force

This role is somewhat similar in the law with a commander-in-chief. The commission of an officer was signed and sealed by the President. This is the nominal position, the strength of the Government's advice. (See Minister of Defense.)

The power of forgiveness

The President, on the advice of the Government, has "the right of remission and the power to change or give punishment". Sorry, for the miscarriage of justice, rarely applies: Thomas Quinn in 1940, Brady in 1943, and Nicky Kelly in 1992. The current procedure is determined by Section 7 of the Criminal Procedure Act, 1993. There is a plan in 2005 for paramilitary "on the way" to receive pardons as part of the Northern Ireland peace process, to complete the release of 1998 for prisoners served after the Good Friday Agreement. It is controversial and soon abandoned along with a similar British proposal. The power of commutation and remittances is not limited to the President, though it is a case for sentenced death sentence before the abolition of the death penalty.

Other functions specified by law or otherwise include:

• The President is ex officio President of the Society of the Red Cross of Ireland.
• The President appoints, on the advice of the Government, the Senior Professor and chairman of the board of the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies; Governor of the Central Bank of Ireland; a member of the Irish Financial Services Court of Appeals; Ombudsman; and member of the Ombudsman Commission of Guard SÃÆ'ochÃÆ'¡na.
• The President appoints a guardian at the Chester Beatty Library. This was determined in the will of Chester Beatty and was given effect by the 1968 Act of the Oireachtas.
• The President is the protector of Gaisce - Presidential Award, established by a trust deed in 1985.
• The President is the patron of the Irish Clan, including his Order of Merit, as he agreed in January 2012.
• The President bestows the title of Saoi on those elected by AosdÃÆ'¡na membership.
• The President is the patron of several charities in Ireland.

Custom limitations

• The President shall not leave the country without the consent of the Government.
• Any official address or message "to the nation" or one or both Houses of Oireachtas shall obtain prior approval from the Government. Apart from these two occasions (which are very rare), there is no limit on the President's right to speak. Although previous presidents have been very careful in delivering speeches and almost every time they turn them in for questioning, Mary Robinson and Mary McAleese use their right to speak without government approval, with McAleese conducting numerous live television and radio interviews. Nonetheless, by convention, the President refrains from direct criticism of the Government.

Maps President of Ireland

Discretionary Strength

The President has the following powers committed "in its absolute discretion" according to the English version of the Constitution. The Irish version states that this power is exercised as chomhairle fÃÆ' Â © in which is usually translated as "under his own counsel." The lawyers have suggested that a conflict may exist in this case between the two versions of the constitution. In the event of a clash between the Irish and British versions of the constitution, the Irish were given supremacy. While "absolute discretion" seems to leave some of the freedom to maneuver for a president in deciding whether to initiate contact with the opposition, his "own adviser" has been interpreted by some lawyers as indicating that no any contact can take the place. Consequently, it is considered controversial for the president to be contacted by leaders of any political party in an attempt to influence decisions made using discretionary powers. It is necessary that, before exercising certain reserve powers, the President consults with the State Council. However, the President is not forced to act in accordance with the council's advice.

Denial of dissolution DÃÆ'¡il

Taoiseach is required to resign if he "stops maintaining majority support in Dire Eireann," unless he asks the President to dissolve DÃÆ'¡il. The President has the right to refuse such a request, in which case the Taoiseach should immediately resign. This power is never called. However, the necessary conditions existed in 1944, 1982 and 1994. The obvious differences, mentioned above, between the Irish and British versions of the Constitution have made the President desperate to contemplate the use of power. On three occasions when the necessary circumstances exist, the president has adopted a non-contact ultra-tight policy with the opposition. The most notable example was in January 1982, when Patrick Hillery instructed an aide, Captain Anthony Barber, to ensure that no phone call from the opposition would be forwarded to him. (However, three opposition figures, including Fianna FÃÆ'¡il leader Charles Haughey, demanded to be admitted to Hillery, with Haughey threatening to end Barber's career if the call is not ratified.Harry, as Commander-in-Chief of the Defense Force, recorded threats in Barber files and recorded that Barber had acted on his orders in rejecting the call). Even without this consideration, refusing such a request would create a constitutional crisis, as it is considered a fairly strong constitutional convention that the head of state always provides for the dissolution of parliament.

Reference billing to people

If requested to do so by a petition signed by a majority of Seanad membership, and one-third of DÃÆ'¡il membership, the President may, after consultation with the Council of State, refuse to sign the bill (other than the bill to amend the constitution) which he considers to be a "national interest" until approved by the people in the referendum or DÃÆ'¡il reassembling after the election, held within eighteen months. This power is never used, and no such request is requested. Of the 60 Senators, 11 are nominated by the Taoiseach, so rarely have a majority against the government bill.

More

The President may appoint up to seven members of the State Council, and remove or replace such designated members. (See the list of presidential appointments to the State Council.) The following powers all require prior consultation with the State Council, although the President should not take his advice:

Reference to the Supreme Court

The President may refer the bill, in whole or in part, to the Supreme Court to examine its constitutionality. If the Supreme Court finds the section referred to unconstitutional, all bills fall. This power may not apply to paper money, bills to amend the Constitution, or urgent bill of time for the considerations that have been summarized in Seanad. This is the most widely used backup power; the full list is in Council of State (Ireland) # Notify the bill. In a verdict in 1982 submitted under such a directive, Supreme Court Justice Tom O'Higgins complained of the raw pressure of the prescribed process; especially the fact that, if the court finds that the bill does not violate the Constitution, this judgment will never be challenged.

Abridgement time for billing in Seanad

The President may, at the request of DÃÆ'¡il, set a time limit in the period in which Seanad may consider the charge. The effect of this power is to limit Seanad's power to delay the bill deemed urgent by the Government.

Appointment of the Privileged Committee

The President may, if asked to do so by Seanad, establish a Privileged Committee to settle a dispute between two Houses of Oireachtas whether or not the bill is a banknote.

Address to Oireachtas

The President can address, or send a message to, either or both of House Oireachtas. Four addresses have been made: one by de Valera, two by Robinson, and one by McAleese. Government approval is required for the message; in practice, the whole text is transmitted.

Address for Nation

The President may "deliver the message to the Nation" subject to the same conditions as the address to Oireachtas. This power is never used. Common messages, such as Christmas remarks, are not considered eligible.

Oireachtas meeting convention

The President may hold a meeting of one or both Houses of Oireachtas. This power will allow the President to enter if, in exceptional circumstances, the usual procedure for holding a house has been damaged.

src: upload.wikimedia.org

Options

The President is directly elected by secret ballot using Alternative Vote, the sole winning analog of Single Transferable Vote. Under the Presidential Election Law, 1993 the election of candidates was formally made in the form of 'statements' by returned officers. Where more than one candidate is nominated, the election is 'postponed' so that voting can take place, allowing voters to vote among candidates. Presidential elections are held on time for the winner to take over the office one day after the expiry of the incumbent's incumbent seven-year tenure. In the case of premature vacancy, elections must be held within sixty days.

Only Irish citizens aged eighteen or more are eligible; a 1983 bill to extend the rights of citizens of British citizens ruled unconstitutional.

Candidates must be Irish citizens and over 35 years old. However, there is a difference between the English and Irish texts of Section 12.4.1 Â °. According to the English text, qualified candidates "have reached the age of thirty-five", while the Irish text has this as "ag a bhfuil caÃÆ'ºig bliana trÃÆ'ochad slÃÆ'¡n" ("has completed thirty-five years"). Since the age of thirty-five years of a person begins on his thirty-fourth birthday, this means there is a one year difference between the minimum age as stated in the two texts. Various proposals have been made to amend the Constitution so as to eliminate this distinction. Currently, however, the Irish version of the paragraph applies in accordance with the rules stated in Section 25.5.4 Â °. The government has now introduced the Thirty-Fifth Amendment to the 2015 General Assembly to reduce the nomination age from 35 to 21, made a referendum in May 2015, but the bill is greatly defeated, with about 73% of voters voting to reduce age eligibility.

The President may serve a maximum of two terms, consecutively or otherwise. They should be nominated by one of the following:

• At least 20 members of Oireachtas; (there are 218 members)
• At least four city or district councils (there are 31 councils)
• Alone (in case of former president or former president who has served one term).

Where only one candidate is nominated, he is considered elected without needing a ballot. For this reason, where there is consensus among political parties not to contest, the President may be 'elected' without actual voting. Since the establishment of this office has occurred on six occasions.

The latest presidential election was held on October 27, 2011.

src: i.ytimg.com

Missing President

There is no office of the Irish Vice President. In the case of a premature vacuum, a substitute must be chosen within sixty days. In vacancies or where the President is not available, the duties and functions of the office are carried out by the Presidential Commission, consisting of Supreme Court Justices, Ceann Comhairle (speakers) of DÃÆ'¡il, and Cathaoirleach (chairman) of Seanad. Regular functions, such as signing unwarranted laws into law, have often been met by the Presidential Commission when the President is overseas on state visits. The power of the government to prevent the President from leaving the country is relevant in harmonizing the diplomatic and legislative calendar.

Technically the term of each president ended at midnight on the day before the inauguration of the new president. Therefore, between midnight and the inauguration the following day, the duties and functions of the president are carried out by the Presidential Commission. The Constitution also empowers the Council of State, acting by the majority of its members, to "make such a provision for them may appear to meet" to carry out the presidents' duties in any possible constitution unpredictable. However, to date, it is never necessary for the council to take on this role.

Vacancies in the presidency have occurred three times: at the death of Erskine Hamilton Childers in 1974, and the resignation of Cearbhall ÃÆ' "DÃÆ'¡laigh in 1976 and Mary Robinson in 1997.

src: maxwellphotographyblog.files.wordpress.com

Official residence, salute, style and address

The President's official residence is the ÃÆ' ras an UachtarÃÆ'¡in, located in Phoenix Park in Dublin. The previous ninety-two room buildings functioned as Irish 'out-of-season' Lord Lieutenant residence and the residence of two of the three Governors-General of Ireland: Tim Healy and James McNeill. The President is usually referred to as 'President' or 'UachtarÃÆ'¡n', not 'Mr/Mrs President' or similar form. The style used is usually Your Majesty/Majesty (Irish: A Shoilse/A Soilse ); sometimes people can verbally call the President as 'Your Majesty' (Ireland: A Shoilse [? 'h ??????] ), or just' President '(Irish: A UachtarÃÆ'¡in < span title = "Representation in Phonetic International Phonetic (IPA)"> [? 'u :? xt ???? a: n?] (vocative case)). The Presidential Salute is taken from National Anthem, "AmhrÃÆ'¡n na bhFiann". It consists of the first four bars followed by the last five, with no lyrics.

src: i.ytimg.com

Inauguration

Di bawah Konstitusi, dengan asumsi singer Presiden harus berlangganan declaresi formal, dibuat secara terbuka dan di hadapan anggota kedua Rumah Oireachtas, hakim Mahkamah Agung dan Pengadilan Tinggi, dan "pribadi publik" lainnya. Peresmian Presiden berlangsung di St Patrick's Hall di Dublin Castle. Declaring ditentukan dalam Pasal 12.8:

Saya lth God's God of Immortality, I am, [name], I have promised and he was pleased to be pleased to say my support and say my God lakukan Constitution of Ireland , and his faithfulness, complete my duties with a conscientious view of the constitution of the law, and to give my life to the welfare of the people of the people " Ireland. Dia melakukan mo stiÃÆ'ºradh and lakukan mo chumhdach.

Di hadapan Tuhan Yang Maha Kuasa, saya, [nama], lakukan dengan sungguh-sungguh dan dengan tulus berjanji dan menyatakan bahwa saya akan mempertahankan Irritis dan menegakkan hukumnya, bahwa saya akan memenuhi tugas saya denies the Mryan Mountains drying down the sixteenth dengan Konstitusi dan hukum, dan bahwa saya Akan Mitamarikistan chemist saya untuk melayani dan kesejahteraan rakyat Irlandia. Semoga Tuhan mengarahkan dan mendukung saya.

To date every President has subscribed to the declaration in Irish. In 1993 the United Nations Human Rights Committee expressed its concern that, because of its religious language, the declaration was a religious test for office. The Oireachtas Committee in 1998 recommended that religious references be optional.

src: www.themiamishowband.com

Impeachment and removal from the office

The President can be expelled from the office in two ways, both of which are never called. The Supreme Court, in a sitting position of at least five judges, can find the President "permanently incapable", while Oireachtas can dismiss the President for "declaring misconduct". Neither Oireachtas house can trigger the final process by giving an impeachment resolution, provided that at least thirty members move it and at least two-thirds support it. Other homes will then investigate the stated costs or commissions of the body to do so; following which at least two-thirds of the members must agree that the President is guilty and that the allegations demand removal.

src: mobi.peruthisweek.com

Security and transport

As the head of state of Ireland, the President received the highest level of protection in the state. ÃÆ' a UachtarÃÆ'¡in race is protected by armed guards from the SÃÆ'ochÃÆ'¡na Guard and the Defense Force at all times, and is surrounded by a security fence and intrusion detection system. At all times the President traveled with details of armed security in Ireland and abroad, provided by the Special Detective Unit (SDU), the Irish police elite wing. Protection increases if there is a known threat. The Presidential Limousine is a Mercedes-Benz S-Class LWB. The President's limousine is dark blue and carries the Presidency standard on the left front and tricolor front right wing. When traveling, the President's limousine is always accompanied by support cars (usually BMW 5 Series, Audi A6 and Volvo S60 driven by trained drivers from SDU) and some Garda Truckers from the Garda Traffic Corps that form a protective convoy around the car.

The Presidential State Car is the 1947 Rolls-Royce Silver Wraith landaulette, which is only used for ceremonial occasions.

The President also has full use of all Irish Air Corps aircraft at his disposal if necessary, including helicopters and private jets.

src: i.ytimg.com

History

The Office of the President was established in 1937, partly as a substitute for the existing Governor-General's office during the 1922-1937 Free State of Ireland. The seven-year presidential term was inspired by German Weimar presidents. As the office was established, critics warned that the post could lead to the emergence of a dictatorship. However, these fears do not occur because successive presidents play a limited role, most of which are apolitical in national affairs.

Head of state from 1937 to 1949

During the period 1937 to 1949 it was unclear whether the Irish head of state was actually Irish President or George VI, the king of Ireland. This chaotic period ended in 1949 when the state was declared a republic. The 1937 Constitution did not mention the king; but also does not state that the president is the head of state, saying that the president "would be preferred over all other people in the State". The President exercises some power that can be done by the head of state, but, which may also be exercised by the governor or governor of the general, such as appointing the government and enacting the law.

However, in 1936, George VI was declared the "King of Ireland" and, under the External Relations Act of the same year, it was this king who represented the state in his foreign affairs. The treaty, therefore, was signed on behalf of the King of Ireland, who also accredited ambassadors and received credentials of foreign diplomats. This role means, however, that George VI is the head of state of Ireland in the eyes of a foreign country. The Republic of Ireland Act of 1948, which came into force in April 1949, proclaims a republic and diverts the role of representing the country overseas from king to president. No changes were made to the constitution.

Expanded Roles

After the prime presidency of Douglas Hyde, who was an inter-party candidate for the post, candidates from the political party Fianna FÃÆ'¡il won every presidential election until 1990. The party has traditionally used nominations as prizes for the most senior and leading members. , such as the party founder and the old Taoiseach ÃÆ' â € ° amon de Valera and the European Commissioner Patrick Hillery. Most of the inhabitants of that time followed the Presidency Hyde presedency concept as a conservative, low-key institution that used ceremonial prestige and a bit of discretionary power sparingly. In fact, the presidency is such a tranquil position that Irish politicians seek to avoid the contested presidential election as often as possible, feeling that such concerns as elections will bring to the office are an unnecessary diversion, and those offices facing economic savings will often suggest removal office as a measure of money saving.

Despite the weak history of the presidency, however, it has become the center of some high profile controversy. In particular, the fifth President, Cearbhall ÃÆ' "DÃÆ'¡laigh, faced a controversial dispute with the government in 1976 for the signing of a bill stating the emergency, which ended with the resignation of ÃÆ'" DÃÆ'¡laigh. His successor, Patrick Hillery, was also involved in the controversy in 1982, when then Taoiseach Garret FitzGerald requested the dissolution of DÃÆ'¡il ÃÆ'â € ireann. Hillery was bombarded with phone calls from opposition members who urged her to reject the request, an act that Hillery sees as a highly inappropriate disruption to the president's constitutional role and rejects political pressure.

The presidency began to be transformed in the 1990s. Hillery's behavior on dissolution in 1982 was revealed in 1990, which made the office feel a new sense of dignity and stability. However, it was a substitute for Hillery, the seventh President Mary Robinson, who ultimately revolutionized the presidency. The victorious victory in the highly controversial election of 1990, Robinson is a Labor candidate, the first President to defeat Fianna FÃÆ'¡il in the first women's election and president. After the election, however, Robinson took steps to politicize the office. He also seeks to expand the scope of the presidency, develop new economic, political and cultural relations between countries and other countries and cultures, especially from the Irish diaspora. Robinson uses office prestige for activist purposes, placing an emphasis during his presidency on the needs of developing countries, linking the history of the Great Irish Famine to the current problems of nutrition, poverty and policy, trying to create a partnership bridge between developed and developing nations. developing country.

Remuneration and cost

After the 2018 presidential election, the official salary or "personal remuneration" of the President will be EUR249,014. The powerful, Michael D. Higgins, chose to receive the same salary even though he was entitled to a higher figure of EUR325,507. The President's "Emolarium and allowance" includes an additional EUR317,434 for a fee. The estimated total office budget for the President for 2017 is EUR3.9 million, of which EUR2.6 million is for payments and operational costs, and the balance for "Presidential Prize" is paid to centenarians on the hundredth anniversary.

The salary remained at IR £ 5,000 from 1938 to 1973, because it was then calculated as 10% greater than the Supreme Court Justice. After post-2008 post-Ireland economic downturn most public sector workers took significant salary cuts, but the Constitution prohibited the salary reduction of the President and the courts during their tenure, to prevent the reduction used by the government to apply political pressure on them. While the amendment of the 2011 Constitution allows the salary of the judge to be cut, it does not extend to the President, although incumbent Mary McAleese offers to take voluntary deductions in solidarity.

src: www.governor.nsw.gov.au

The issue of controversy

The President's role in relation to Northern Ireland

The text of the Constitution of Ireland, as originally endorsed in 1937, is made reference in both controversial Article 2 and 3 into two geopolitical entities: the thirty-two 'national territories' (ie, the Irish island), and the twenty-six county 'states' formerly known as the Irish Free Country. The implication behind the 'Irish President' title is that the President will serve as the head of all Ireland. However, this implication is opposed by the Ulster Unionists and the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland which are internationally recognized countries having jurisdiction over Northern Ireland. Articles 2 and 3 were substantially amended as a result of the Good Friday Agreement 1998.

Ireland in turn challenged the proclamation in the British Empire of Queen Elizabeth II in 1952 as '[Queen] Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland'. The Irish government refused to attend the royal function as a result; for example, Patrick Hillery rejected the Government's suggestion to attend the wedding of Prince of Wales to Lady Diana Spencer in 1981, where she was invited by Queen Elizabeth, just as Seà ± n T. O'Kelly rejected the government's suggestion to attend the 1953 Memorial Day at the British Embassy in Dublin. Britain in turn insisted on referring to the President as 'President of the Republic of Ireland' or 'President of the Republic of Ireland'. The credentials of Queen Elizabeth, on the advice of the British government, point to the British ambassador to Ireland not addressed to the 'Irish President' but to the President personally (eg: 'President Hillery').

State-level naming and avoidance disputes have gradually thawed since 1990. President Robinson (1990-1997) unilaterally voted for breaking taboos by regularly visiting the UK for public functions, often in contact with Anglo-Irish Relations or visiting communities Irish emigrants in the United Kingdom. In another violation of precedent, he accepted an invitation to Buckingham Palace by Queen Elizabeth II. The court accreditation given to journalists refers to "the visit of the President of Ireland". Between 1990 and 2010, both Robinson and his successor President McAleese (1997-2011) visited the Palace on numerous occasions, while senior members of the British royal family - The Prince of Wales, The Duke of York, The Earl of Wessex and The Duke of Edinburgh - all visited the two Irish Presidents in the ÃÆ' race an UachtarÃÆ'¡in. The President also attended the event with The Princess Royal. President Robinson co-hosted the reception with the Queen at St. James, London, in 1995, to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the Queen's College in 1845 (Queen's College now known as Queen of Belfast University, University College, Cork, and National University of Ireland, Galway). These contacts eventually led to Queen Elizabeth's state visit to Ireland in 2011.

Although the title of the President implicitly confirms the authority in Northern Ireland, in reality the President of Ireland needs the government's permission to visit there. (The Irish Constitution in Article 3 explicitly states that "[p] ends the re-integration of national territory" Irish state authorities do not extend to Northern Ireland.President prior to the presidency Mary Robinson regularly denied permission by the Irish government to visit Northern Ireland.)

However, since the 1990s and especially since the Good Friday Agreement 1998, the president has regularly visited Northern Ireland. President McAleese, who was the first Irish President born in Northern Ireland, continued from President Robinson in this regard. In a sign of the warmth of modern British-Irish relations, he was even warmly welcomed by most of the leading trade union members. At the funeral of a child who was killed by the Real IRA in Omagh, he symbolically walked in the main alley of the church hand in hand with the Ulster Unionist Party leader and then Northern Ireland's First Minister David Trimble MP. But in other cases, Mary McAleese was criticized for certain comments, such as references to the way Protestant children in Northern Ireland were raised to hate Catholics, just as German children were encouraged to hate Jews under the Nazi regime, on January 27, 2005, following his presence at a ceremony commemorating the sixtieth anniversary of the liberation of the Auschwitz concentration camp. This statement caused anger among Northern Ireland's trade union politicians, and McAleese later apologized and admitted that his remarks were out of balance. Regardless of the amendments of Articles 2 and 3 of the Constitution as part of the Good Friday Agreement, the office office remains the "Irish President", because the Irish Constitution stipulates that the country's official name is only "Ireland", and that "Republic" is only a description, although there is now little a dispute that the Presidency has only jurisdiction over the Republic of "Ireland". However, the Irish President is considered by many northern nationalists as their President, and a call has been made for the voting rights in the Presidential election to be extended to the rest of the island.

Suggestions for reform

There have been many suggestions for reforming the President's office for many years. In 1996, the Constitutional Review Group recommended that the President's office should remain unchanged. However, suggesting that the Constitution should be amended to explicitly declare the President to be the head of state (currently the term does not appear in the text), and the consideration was given to the introduction of constructive voting from an insecure system in DÃÆ'¡il, along the lines of it in Germany. If the system is introduced then the President's power to resist the dissolution of DÃÆ'¡il will be excessive and can be taken. The Oireachtas Committee of All Parties to the 1998 Constitution Report makes similar recommendations.

In a October 2009 poll of support for potential candidates in the 2011 presidential election conducted by the Sunday Independent, a "large number" of people were said to feel that the presidency is a waste of money and should be removed.

src: www.strategicforesight.com

List of Irish Presidents

The President's function was carried out by the Presidential Commission on the entry into force of the Constitution on 29 December 1937 until the election of Douglas Hyde in 1938, and during the vacancies of 1974, 1976 and 1997.

Former president

Source of the article : Wikipedia